Summarized Neurovasculature Structures of UL Flashcards
Four primary nerves of the upper limb
musculocutaneous
median
ulnar
radial
The musculocutaneous nerve is the continuation of the ____ of the brachial plexus.
lateral cord
the musculocutaneous nerve is the continuation of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, beginning after the ______ is given off
lateral root of the median root
The musculocutaneous nerve typically pierces the
coracobrachialis muscle
The musculocutaneous nerve descends through the ___ of the arm.
anterior compartment
the musculocutaneous nerve descends through the ant compartment of the arm, coursing between the ___ and the ____
biceps brachii and brachialis
the musculocutaneous nerve innervates __ mm in the arm
3
ARM muscles innervated by musculocutaneous
coracobrachialis
brachialis
biceps brachii
After innervating, the musculocutaneous nerve emerges ___ to the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle and becomes the _____
lateral, lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LAC)
after innervating, the musculocutaneous nerve emerges lateral to the -____ and becomes LAC
tendon of biceps brachii
Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve supplies the ____
skin on the lateral forearm
the median nerve originates from the ___ and the ___ of the ___
lateral and medial roots of the median nerve
The lateral and medial roots of the median nerve arise from the ____ and ___ of the brachial plexus, respectively
lateral and medial cords
The median nerve descends through the ___ of the arm where it has ___ muscular or cutaneous innervation
medial
NO
Median nerve travels through the ___ where it is found ___ to the brachial artery
cubital fossa; medial
median nerve travels through the cubital fossa, where it is found medial to the
brachial artery
Within the cubital fossa, the median nerve gives off a branch called the ____
Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN)
As the median nerve enters the forearm, median nerve courses between
the two heads of origin of the pronator teres muscle
in the proximal forearm median nerve passes ___ to the _______ with the ulnar artery
deep; arch of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
In the ___ forearm, median nerve passes deep to the arch of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle along with the
proximal ;ulnar artery
The median nerve descends through the forearm between the ___ and the ___
flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus muscles
The median nerve innervates __ muscles in the forearm
4
forearm muscles innervated by by the median nerve
pronator terres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
proximal to the ____, the median nerve gives off the ___ that courses anterior to the flexor retinaculum to cutaneously innervate skin of the lateral palm
flexor retinaculum; palmar branch
Proximal to the flexor retinaculum, the median nerve gives off the palmar branch that courses ____ to the flexor retinaculum to ____ innervate the _____
anterior; cutaneously; skin of the lateral palm
The median nerve courses through the ___ and enters the hand
carpal canal
After entering the hand, the median nerve then divides into its four terminal branches at the ____ of the flexor retinaculum
distal border
Direct branches of the median nerve provide muscular innervation to _____
lumbricals one and 2
digital branches of the median nerve give ____ innervation to the ______ anteriorly and their ____ posteriorly
cutaneous; lateral 3.5 digits; tips
The recurrent branch of the median nerve courses ____ into the thenar area, supplying ____ thenar muscles
proximally, 2.5
the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) arises as a branch of ____ within the ____
median nerve; cubital fossa
AIN courses distally along the _____ of the interosseous membrane
anterior surface
AIN courses distally along the anterior surface of the ___
interosseous membrane
The AIN innervates ___ muscles in the forearm
2.5
Muscles of the forearm innervated by AIN
flexor digitorum profundus (lateral half)
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratura
the ulnar nerve is a continuation the ____ of the brachial plexus, beginning after the ______ is given off
medial cord; medial root of the median nerve
Ulnar nerve descends though the ___ Of the arm, where it has ___ muscular or cutaneous innervation
medial compartment; NO
The ulnar nerve pierces the ____ of the _____ as it passes from the medial to the posterior compartment of the arm
posterior lamina of the medial intermuscular septum
the ulnar nerve pierces the posterior lamina of the media inter muscular septum as it passes from ___ to ____ compartment of the arm
medial; posterior
after passing from medial to posterior compartments, the ulnar nerve courses posterior to the ___
medial epicondyle
The ulnar nerve enters the forearm by passing between _______
the two heads of origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
The ulnar nerve courses through the forearm between the ____ and the _____
flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum profundus muscles
the ulnar nerve innervates ___ muscles in the forearm
1.5
muscles of the forearm innervated by the ulnar nerve
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum profundus (medial half)
ulnar nerve courses with the ___ in the distal half of the forearm
ulnar artery
ulnar nerve courses with ulnar artery in the ___ of the forearm
distal half
in the distal forearm, the ulnar nerve gives off a _____ that cutaneously innervates the dorsum of the ______ and ___-
dorsal branch; medial 1.5 digits and hand.
proximal to the flexor retinaculum, the ulnar nerve also gives off a ___ that courses ___ to the flexor retinaculum to cutaneously innervate the skin of the ____
palmar branch; anterior; medial palm
In the wrist the ulnar nerve is accompanied by the
ulnar artery
The ulnar nerve enters the hand by passing __ to the flexor retinaculum, outside the ___ and through ___.
anterior; carpal canal; Guyon’s canal
___ to the pisiform bone, the ulnar nerve divides into its2 terminal branches
lateral
2 terminal branches of the ulnar nerve
superficial branch of ulnar nerve
deep branch of ulnar nerve
the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve courses ___ to the ______
deep; palmaris brevis muscle
the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve innervates __ muscle in the hands
1
The superficial branch of the ulnar nerve divides into cutaneous digital branches that supply the ____
medial 1.5 digits, anteriorly
The deep branch of the ulnar nerve courses between ____
2 hypothenar muscles
the deep branch of the ulnar nerve courses around the _____ to pass laterally across the ___, just anterior to the ___
hook of the hamate; palm; interossei muscles
the deep branch of the ulnar nerve innervates ___ muscles
14.5
The radial nerve is a continuation of the ___ of the brachial plexus, beginning after the _____ is given off
posterior cord; axillary nerve
the radial nerve courses from ___ to ___ in the radial groove of the humerus which is located in the ____ of the arm
medial to lateral; posterior compartment
the radial nerve courses from medial to lateral in the ___ of the ___ which is located in the posterior compartment of the arm
radial groove of the humerus
The radial nerve courses with the
profunda brachii artery
the radial nerve innervates __ muscle(s) in the arm
1
muscle innervated by radial nerve in the arm
triceps brachii
the radial nerve pierces the ______ as it passes from ___ to ___ compartment of the arm
lateral inter muscular septum; posterior to anterior
the radial nerve passes through the ____ of the cubital fossa
lateral side
the radial nerve innervates _ muscles in the forearm
3
muscles of the forearm innervated by radial nerve
brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
anconeus
between the ___ and the ___ muscles, the radial nerve divides into its __ terminal branches
bracihlais and brachioradialis; 2 (br br interval)
2 terminal branches of the radial nerve:
superficial branch of the radial nerve
deep branch of the radial nerve
the superficial branch of the radial nerve courses ___ with the ___, deep to the ___
distally with the radial artery; brachioradialis
fIn the wrist, the superficial branch of the radial nerve passes over the tendons of the _____ to enter the hand
anatomical snuffbox
superficial branch of the radial nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the skin of the ______ and the proximal portion of the ___
lateral half of the dorsum of the hand; lateral 3.5 digits posteriorly.
the deep branch of the radial nerve innervates _ muscle(s) in the forearm
1
muscles of the forearm innervated by the deep branch of the radial nerve
extensor carpi radialis brevis
as the deep branch of the radial nerve enters the superior border of the _____, its name changes to ______
supinator muscle; posterior interosseous muscle (PIN)
the posterior interosseous nerve innervates __ muscles in the forearm
8
Muscles of the forearm innervated by PIN
extensor digitorum extensor digiti minimi extensor carpi ulnaris supinator abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis previs extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis
the PIN does NOT ______
enter the hand
the ___ is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the body
aorta
the aorta ascends, and then arches ___ and toward the ___ to form the aortic arch
posteriorly and towards the left
the aortic arch gives off _ named branches
3
branches of the aortic arch
brachiocephalic trunk (AKA innominate artery)
left common carotid
left subclavian
the brachiocephalic trunk bifurcates into the:
right common carotid
right subclavian
majority of the branches off the subclavian arteries supply the ___ the common carotid arteries supply the ____
UL
head and neck
the aortic arch terminates as the ___ which courses inferiorly through the ____
descending aorta; thorax and abdomen
the subclavian artery ascends through the ____ and ___ toward the upper limb
thorax and neck
the subclavian artery gives off:
vertebral artery
internal mammary artery (internal thoracic)
thyrocervical trunk
costocervical trunk
at the _______, the subclavian artery terminates by becoming the ___
lateral border of 1st rib; axillary artery
The axillary artery begins at the ___ as a continuation of the ___
lateral border of first rib; subclavian artery
the axillary artery courses ___ and ___ through the axilla
laterally and inferiorly
the axillary artery is divided into __ parts by the ___ muscle
3; pectoralis minor
1st part of the axillary artery is between the _____ and the _____
lateral border of the first rib; and the superomedial border of pectoralis minor muscle
the second part pf the axillary artery is
posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle
the third part of the axillary artery is between the ____ and the ____
inferolateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle; inferior border of the teres major muscle
the axillary artery terminates at the ____ by continuing as the ___
inferior border of the teres major muscle; brachial artery
the axillary artery has ___ named branches
6
the first part of the axillary artery contains __ branch
1: highest (supreme) thoracic artery
the second part of the axillary artery contains __ branches
2; thoracocromial trunk, lateral thoracic artery
thoracoacromial trunk passes __ the pectoralis minor muscle
above
the thoracoacromial trunk divides into __ branches
4: clavicular branch pectoral branch acromial branch deltoid branch
lateral thoracic artery courses along the ___ to the lateral thoracic wall with the _____
inferolateral border of the pectoralis minor; long thoracic nerve
the long thoracic artery supplies the ___ and the ___
lateral thoracic wall; breast
the third part of the axillary contains _ branches
3
subscapular artery
anterior circumflex humeral artery
posterior circumflex humeral artery
brachial artery is a continuation of the ____ distal to the ____
axillary artery; inferior border of the teres major
the brachial artery descends through the ____ of the arm with the ____ and ___ nerves
medial compartment; median and ulnar nerves
The brachial artery has __ named branches in the arm
3;
profunda brachii artery
superior ulnar collateral artery
inferior ulnar artery
the profunda brachii artery arises from the ____ just distal to the ____ muscle.
brachial artery; teres major muscle
Posterior to the humerus, the profunda brachii artery courses with the ___
radial nerve
posterior to the ___ the profunda brachii artery courses with the radial nerve
humerus
the 3 named branches of the brachial artery supply muscles in the __ and provide collateral circulation to the ____ region
arm; elbow
After brachial artery gives off its branches, it courses distally through the arm and enters the ___ where it lies lateral to the ___ and medial to the ___
cubital fossa; median nerve; tendon of the biceps brachii
The radial artery arises as a terminal branch of the brachial artery within the _____
cubital fossa
the radial artery courses distally int he forearm with the ___ of the radial nerve deep to the ____
superficial branch; brachioradialis
the radial artery passes through the _____ and enters the _____
anatomical snuffbox; durum of the hand
the radial artery terminates by forming the ____.
deep palmar arch
the completion of the deep palmar arch on the ___ side is variable
medial
if the arch is completed medially, it is usually completed by a branch of the ___
ulnar artery
The deep palmar arch gives off ____
metacarpal arteries
the metacarpal arteries of the _____ join the metacarpal arteries of the _____ to form the digital arteries on the medial and lateral side of each digit
deep palmar arch; superficial palmar arch
the ulnar artery arises as a terminal branch of the ___ with in the ____
brachial artery; cubital fossa
in the ___ forearm, the ulnar artery gives off the _____
proximal; common interosseous artery
The ulnar artery courses deep to the ___with the ___
arch of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle; median nerve
In the distal half of the forearm, the ulnar artery courses with the ___ between the ___ and the ____
ulnar artery; flexor carpi ulnari; flexor digitorum profundus muscles
in the wrist, the ulnar artery is accompanied by the ___ as it enters the hand by passing ___ to the flexor retinaculum.
ulnar nerve; anterior
ulnar artery enters the hand outside of the ___ and through the ___
carpal canal; Guyon’s canal
the ulnar artery terminates by forming the _____
superficial palmar arch
The completion of the superficial palmar arch on the ____ side is variable
lateral
if the superficial palmar arch is completed on the lateral side, it is usually completed by a branch of the ___
radial artery
The superficial palmar arch gives off ____
metacarpal arteries
the metacarpal arteries of the superficial palmar arch join the ____ to form the ____ on the medial and lateral side of each digits
metacarpal arteries of the deep palmar arch; digital arteries
the common interosseous artery arises from the ____ in the proximal forearm
ulnar artery
the CIA courses a ___ distance, then divides into its _ terminal branches in the forearm:
short; 2:
anterior interosseous artery
posterior interosseous artery
