Suffixes Flashcards
-ja, -ja umlaut
agents from verbs (lukea - to read –> lukija - reader)
-sto, -sto umlaut
collective nouns (kirja - book –> kirjasto - library)
-in
instruments or tools (vatkata - to whisk –> vatkain - a whisk)
uri, yri
agents or instruments (kaivaa - to dig –> kaivuri - excavator)
-os, -os umlaut
result nouns from verbs (tehda - to do/work –> teos - a piece of work)
-ton, ton umlaut
adjectives indicating the lack of something (onni - happiness –> onneton - unhappy)
-kas, kas umlaut
adjectives from nouns (itse - self –> itsekas - selfish)
-va, va umlaut
adjectives from verbs (taitaa - to be able –> taitava - skillful)
-llinen
adjectives from nouns (lapsi - child –> lapsillenin - childish)
-la la umlaut
locations (places related to the stem) (kana - chicken –> kanala - henhouse)
-lainen, lainen umlaut
inhabitant of (Englanti - England –> englantilainen - English person)
-ke, -ike
diminutive from noun, noun from verb (or rarely, adjective) (aalto - wave –> aalloke -wavelet)
-le
diminutive form of nouns
-nen
diminutive nouns or expressions of affection (pala - piece –> palanen - small piece)
-ni
my (minun taloni –> my house)
-mme
our (meilla talomme –> our house)
-si
your (singular) (sinen talosi –> your house)
-nne
your (plural) (teilla talonne –> your guys’ house)
-nsa
her/his/their (sing & plural) (hanen talonsa –> his/her/their house)
