Sudden Cardiac Death

Question 1

This is the condition where there is progressive heart failure due to ischemic myocardial damage.

Answer 1

Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD)

Question 2

What is the usual causitive agent to IHD?

Answer 2

post-MI

Question 3

Why are hearts big and heavy in IHD?

Answer 3

LV hypertrophy and dilation

Question 4

What is usually found in the coronary arteries in IHD?

Answer 4

Atherosclerosis

Question 5

This is the condition where there is unexpected death from cardiac causes in individuals without symptomatic heart disease or early after symptom onset.

Answer 5

Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD)

Question 6

What is the main precursor to SCD?

Answer 6

IHD

Question 7

What is the main direct cause of SCD?

Answer 7

Lethal arrhythmia (asystole, V fib)

Question 8

What is the main cause of lethal arrhtynmias to cause SCD?

Answer 8

acute myocardial ischemia

Question 9

Prognosis is improved in SCD patients when u implant what device?

Answer 9

defibrillator

Question 10

What are the 9 nonatheroscletoic conditions associated SCD?

lol donno how to make a flaschard for this shit.

Answer 10

1. Congenital structural or coronary arterial abnormalities
2. Aortic valve stenosis
3. Mitral valve prolapsed
4. Myocarditis
5. Dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
6. Pulmonary hypertension
7. Hereditary or acquired cardiac arrhythmias
8. Cardiac hypertrophy of any causes (e.g., hypertension)
9. Other (systemic metabolic & hemodynamic alterations, catecholamines, & drugs of abuse, particularly cocaine & methamphetamine)

Question 11

Which inherited anatomic conditions are associated with SCD?

Answer 11

congential anomalies, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mitral valve prolapse

Question 12

What is the main primary electrical disorder to SCD?

Answer 12

Long QT

Question 13

What is the mutated gene to cause long QT syndrome?

Answer 13

KCNQ1

Question 14

What is the main primary electrical disorder to SCD?

Answer 14

Long QT

Question 15

What is the mutated gene to cause long QT syndrome?

Answer 15

KCNQ1

Question 16

So atherosclerosis is big in SCD (obvi), so what % stenosis is usually present in one or more of the 3 major vessels?

Answer 16

75% (critical)

Question 17

This genetic condition is characterized by replacement of portions of the RV with adipose and fibrous tissue from mutations in desmosomes.

Answer 17

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia (ARVD)

Question 18

What will happen in V1-3 to the T waves in ARVD?

Answer 18

inversion

sometimes u see a little goofy epsilon wave in V1

Question 19

What is the inherited disorder that is characterized by mutations in a sodium channel subunit gene SCN5A.

Answer 19

Brugada

Question 20

This inherited condition is associated with prolonged ventricular depolarization and puts pts at risk for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Answer 20

Long QT syndrome

Question 21

What is the best treatment for Brugada syndrome?

Answer 21

ICD

Question 22

This inherited condition is assocaited with prolonged ventricular depolarization and puts pts at risk for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Answer 22

Long QT syndrome

Question 23

These 2 common forms of LQT are associated with ventricular arrhythmias during physical exercise or emotional stress.

Answer 23

LQT1 and LQT2

Question 24

When do patients with LQT3 likely experience episodes?

Answer 24

when resting or sleeping

Question 25

Which class of drugs are used to reduce the risk of arrhythmias in many forms of LQTs?

Answer 25

B-blockers

Question 26

This is the syndrome where there is ventricular tachycardia and/or V fib during exercise or emotional arousal (you make my heart race. and then u kill me).

Answer 26

Familial Catecholaminergic Polymophic VT

Question 27

What causes FCPVT?

Answer 27

delayed afterdepolarizations

Question 28

There are mutations in genes that handle which ion to cause FCPVT?

Answer 28

Ca++