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1107 CA2 > Suctioning and Vital signs > Flashcards

Suctioning and Vital signs Flashcards

1
Q

Why is suctioning needed? How to determine if patient needs to be suctioned?

A

To maintain a patent airway.

Determine based on:
- patient’s respiratory status (on ventilator usually need suctioning)
- consistency of secretion
- ability to cough (sedation, paralysis etc.)

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2
Q

What are clinical indications for suctioning?

A

Respiratory distress
- tachycardia
- gasping
- (intubated) decreased SPO2, increased Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), increasing FiO2

patients not intubated having coarse breath sounds = encourage to cough (may not require suctioning)

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3
Q

Performing suctioning

A

GENERAL: Use single-use multiple eyed suction catheter

Tracheostomy suctioning: aseptic technique
Ventilator: Use closed system suction catheter for suctioning

  • pre-oxygenate patient before suctioning
  • Suction pressure:
    adult - 100 to 120mmHg
    peads - 60 to 80mmHh
  • Suction <15seconds (too long = risk hypoxia and trauma)
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4
Q

What are Vital signs to be measured? (5)

A

Body Temperature (T0)
Pulse Rate (PR)
Respiration Rate (RR)
Blood Pressure (BP)
Oxygen saturation (SpO2)

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5
Q

Normal body temperature in adults, and methods to measure (5)

A

body temp varies
- normal body temp: 36.5C to 37.2C

Measure:
- orally
- rectally (0.5C HIGHER than oral and tymp
- axillary (0.5 LOWER than oral and tymp)
- skin
- Tympanic (ear) BEST - core temp

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6
Q

What is pyrexia?

A

elevation of T0 above normal range (can lead to feeling febrile)

Also consist of hyperthermia (>40C)

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7
Q

PR facts

A
  • females 12 and older tend to have ^PR than males
  • athletes can have PR 40BPM, no probs
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8
Q

Normal Pulse Rate in adults

A

(bradycardia) 60 to 100BPM (tachycardia)

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9
Q

What are the 9 common pulse points?

A
  • Temporal artery (head)
  • carotid artery (neck)
  • apical pulse (chest)
  • brachial artery (arm)
  • Radial artery (arm)
  • femoral artery (thigh)
  • popliteal artery (knee)
  • posterior tibial artery (ankle)
  • pedal (foot)
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10
Q

Normal RR adult at rest

A

(bradypnea) 12 to 20 breaths per min (tachypnea)
(make sure to check if person has difficulty breathing)

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11
Q

What are the 3 respiratory processes

A
  • ventilation
  • Movement O2 and CO2 btwn alveoli and RBC
  • Perfusion distribution of RBCs
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12
Q

What is dyspnea?

A

shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing

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13
Q

what is apnea?

A

cease respirations for several seconds

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14
Q

Normal BP adult at rest

A

Systolic: 80 to 120mmHg
Diastolic: 60 to 80mmHg

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15
Q

What is postural/orthostatic hypotension?

A

normotensive person get LOW BP symptoms (eg. dizzy) when rising to upright position

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16
Q

How does a pulse oximeter work to measure SpO2?

A
  • non invasive
  • measure SpO2 (arterial blood O2 saturation)
  • lightwaves absorbed diff by O2Hb and deoxy Hb
17
Q

What is normal range for SpO2, blood oxygen levels?

A

> 95%

18
Q

Use of ECG/EKG

A
  • measure heart’s electrical activity
  • continuous monitoring for critically ill/ sedated patients

In radiology:
- ECG leads can disconnect to reduce image artifacts on chest radiographs (but leave on can save cost for replacements)

19
Q

What is normal sinus rythm?

A

all other measurements of ECG within normal limits = heart functioning normally

(can have sinus tachycardia and sinus bradycardia)

20
Q

What is asystole?

A

no systole at all. no CO

21
Q

what is pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?

A
  • No palpable pulse and myocardial muscle activity
  • but have presence of organised electrical activity
  • (electrical activity not able to make heart pump)
22
Q

what is ventricular tachycardia?

A

life threatening arrythmia
(100 to 250bpm)

23
Q

What is ventricular fibrillation?

A
  • rapid erratic electrical impulse
  • ventricles quiver (useless)
  • no CO
24
Q

Key considerations of patient care and safety in RADIOLOGY patients?

A
  • IV cannulation and therapy
  • drainage tubes, urinary catheter
  • wound dressing
  • Oxygen therapy
  • suctioning
  • monitoring vital signs
  • ECG

1107 CA2 (3 decks)

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