Succession

Question 1

4 types of seres

Answer 1

Lithosere, Hydrosere, Psammosere and Halosere

Question 2

Process of succession in a lithosere step 1

Answer 2

Pioneer species e.g.g Lichens colonise and break down the rock, releasing minerals and making the surface uneven so it can retain water

Question 3

Succession in Lithosere step 2

Answer 3

Rocks get more damp, mosses begin to grow and weather the rock surface. The lichens and mosses die and decompose, forming a thin layer of soil.

Question 4

Succession in lithosere step 3

Answer 4

As the soil deepens, larger plants that need more water move in, e.g. grasses, herbs, ferns and flowering plants. The soil gets deeper as the larger plants die and are decomposed by bacteria to humus

Question 5

succession in lithosere step 4

Answer 5

shrubs, ferns and small trees such as rowan and birch begin to grow. They outcompete smaller plants to become the dominant species

Question 6

Succession in lithosere final step 5

Answer 6

finally the soil is deep and rich enough in nutrients to support slow growing large trees like ash and oak. These become the dominant species, and the climax community is formed.