Successful Ageing Flashcards
What are the three components of successful ageing?
- Avoiding Disease & Disability
- Engagement with Life
- Maintaining high cognitive and physical function
What is the Baltes and Baltes definition of successful ageing?
Functioning (physically, mentally, psychologically, socially) at the highest level possible in the context of inevitable limitations that growing old places on an individual
Under maintaining high cognitive and physical function is ‘Optimal Physical Ageing’. What are three components of physical ageing for successful ageing? Explain one of them.
- Activity
- Improve via active lifestyle (Physical Activity) & exercise
- muscle strength & VO2 max tends to decrease with ageing; however regular physical exercise can make a person in 50s have a better VO2 max than a senile person in 30s
- Physical Activity is not the same as exercise
– PA: Bodily Movement than increases energy expenditure (30min moderate intensity per day)
– Exercise: Structured repetitive movt done to maintain or improve physical fitness (150min/week)
—- 4 S, 1 E: Stamine, Strength, Suppleness, Skill & Endurance - Nutrition
- Smoking Cessation, Vaccination, Screening
Undernourished elderly are associated with ___ (3)
Neck of femur fractures
Pressure Sores
Impaired Immune Response
Obesity is associated with ____ (5)
- HTN
- CVD
- T2DM
- Degenerative Joint Disease
- Gait & Balance Problems
Why do people with increasing age may have undernutrition?
- Less hungry eat less, daily energy intake decrease, progresive increase in body fat, decrease in lean body mass
Important markers of undernutrition (2)
Low body weight (BMI < 18.5)
Unintentional Weight Loss
Causes of undernutrition?
MEAALS ON WHEELS
3 ways to manage undernutrition?
- Identify and treat causes
- Non-pharmacological interventions
- Review Meds
- Minimize Dietary Restriction
- Ensure adequate oral health
- Eat with others
- Encourage small, frequent meals - Pharmacological interventions
- Oral Nutritional Supplements
- Anabolic Agents (limited tho)
4 vitamins that may not be achievable by dietary means?
Calcium
Vit D
Vit B12
Folate
Under ‘maintaining high cognitive function and physical ageing’, is ‘optimal mental ageing’, what are two components of this? Explain them.
- Maximise Brain reserves
- Anticipating & Rehearsing Solutions to Spatial Problems
- Setting aside time for complicated tasks. Avoid rushing as haste triggers anxiety which disrupts attention
- Augment memory by working hard, taking tests, working with others
- no multitasking - Minimise Brain Damage
- controlling risk factors that lead to stroke (ie HTN, CVD, DM, Smoking, Alcohol)
Under ‘engagement with life’, is optimal p___ ageing. Why is this importnat (3)? How can one do it?
Psychological. Affects function, cognition, quality of life.
Life long learning + Diversity of Experiences
Under ‘engagement with life’, is optimal s___ ageing. How can one do this?
Social.
Reweave social networks
Quality > Quantity
No learned dependency
What is the consequence of unsuccessful ageing? Define it.
Fraility. Increased vulnerability to insult or challenges resulting from impairments in multiple domains that compromise compensatory ability
Elderly care’s responsibility is who’s?
- Individual
- HC team (multidisciplinary)
Healthcare of elderly flowchart?
