Subtest III Writing and Poetry Flashcards
Drafting/Incubation
This stage of the process involves the writer looking at the brainstormed ideas and beginning to contemplate/formulate an organization to the paper. The stage is a preliminary stage to consider, reflect, and (hopefully) avoid “dead-ends.”
Prewriting/Invention/Planning
These interchanging labels refer it idea- generating activities: Brainstorming. Some practiced techniques used are freewriting, journaling, questioning, mapping, and clustering. The concept in this stage of writing is the considering of ideas without judging or correcting.
Organization/Drafting
This stage of the writing process requires one to recognize writing is a multi-draft process and the fact one puts a monumental effort into the first draft does not indicate that all one needs to do is run spellchecker.
Revising, revising, revising
Researchers have found that writers who avoid condemning their drafts for their sentence or spelling errors are more likely to make more substantive revisions to subject, form, tone, and audience. The revision stage is where writers need to consider making changes to improve the paper. Often this revision process is enhanced by the stage know as Responding.
Responding/Evaluation
Responding may take several forms including individual analysis, collaborative, peer reviews, as well as interim teacher reviews.
Individual analysis
In individual analysis, the writer may use assignment criteria to respond to his/her own writing; one measures what one has written against the assignment itself. Another technique individual analysis is to give the writer a form to evaluate for specific sections of the essay that may need revision.
Collaborative evaluation
Must go beyond, “I liked the paper.” One technique that can be sued is to give a form to another student to evaluate the paper for specific techniques, such as inclusions of a quote integration, avoiding the passive voice, coherence, tone, all enhance the validity of engaging collaborative groups to evaluate peer papers.
Editing
Hopefully writers have done some editing in the process of working through multiple drafts. Yet, in this stage of the writing process, writers need to be directed to focusing on specifics such as paragraphing, coherence, sentence structure and its variety, word choice, and consistency of tone, for example.
Proofreading
In this stage the writer is meticulously re-reading the paper to assure that the intent of the paper has been met. Writers must be alerted to the fact that spellchecker does not discriminate between to, too, two, their and there.
Holistic scoring
based upon the idea of grading the whole of the paper, an the grade on the paper is determined by using a rubric.
Rubric
typically factors in Organization, Content, Style, and Effectiveness of the delivery as well as judging the Academic Conventions used to write the paper.
Clustering
Ss jot down ideas as words or very short phrases. Use different colored pens as ideas seem to suggest themselves in groups. Use printing or longhand script to suggest that ideas are main thoughts or supportive ideas. Don’t bother to organize too neatly, though, because that can impede the flow of ideas. Don’t cross anything out because you can’t tell where an idea will lead you. When you get a few ideas written down, you can start to group them, using colored circles or whatever. Draw linking lines as connections suggest themselves.
The Writing Process
Prewriting Drafting Revising Editing Publishing
Prompt
should give the background and reason for writing and a specific writing task
Meter
what results when the natural rhythmical movements of colloquial speech are heightened, organized and regulated so that [repetition] emerges from the relative phonetic haphazard of ordinary utterance
4 common ways to view meter: Syllabic, Accentual, Accentual-syllabic, Quantitative
Syllabic Meter
A general counting of syllables per line
Accentual Meter
A counting of accents only per line. Syllables may vary between accents.
Accentual-syllabic Meter
A counting of syllables and accents. Syllables may not vary between accents.
Quantitative Meter
Measures the duration of words
Scansion
A method for writing out the rhythms of a poem. 3 kinds are the graphic, the musical and the acoustic. Graphic is most common.
Scansion symbol: ~
An unaccented syllable
Scansion symbol: ‘
An accented syllable
Scansion symbol: /
A break between poetic feet
Scansion symbol: _
A caesura, or metrical pause
Accented syllables in poetry
Syllables that are naturally given more emphasis when spoken
Unaccented syllables in poetry
Syllables that receive less emphasis when spoken
Poetic foot
A unit of accented and unaccented syllables that is repeated or used in sequence with others to form the meter
A repeated sequence of meter comprised of 2 or more accented or unaccented syllables.
Caesura
A long pause in the middle of a line of poetry.
Iambic pentameter
When a poem has five accents per line and their syllable counts are 10/10/10
Iambic foot
A sequence of poetic foot that is Unaccented, Accented. (^’) {ex: destroy}
