Subterranean values

Question 1

Matza

1962

Answer 1

Everyone has criminal urges and its not your status or class but your ability to supress it.

“Everyone has the ability to be criminal”

Question 2

Justifcation

Examples

Answer 2

You could say you were drunk, they deserved it or they did it first as examples of justifcation.

Question 3

Techniques of neturalisation

Define

Answer 3

To make justifcations for our devient behviour

Question 4

Denial of responsibility

Example of TON

Answer 4

Offender denies it was their fault and will blame another factor e.g. drugs or Alcohol

Question 5

Condemnation of condemers

Example of TON

Answer 5

Offender feels like theyre being picked on and feel a sense of unfairness being blamed for something others have done and have not been punished for.

Question 6

Appeal to higher loyalties

Example of TON

Answer 6

Offender argues the rule of law had been ignored because different loyalties were at steak.

Question 7

Denial of injury

Example of TON

Answer 7

Offender claims that the the victim was not actually harmed by the crime, often used to describe company theft.

Question 8

Denial of victims

Example of TON

Answer 8

Offender claims that the victim was in the wrong

Rape- the victim was leading them on.

Question 9

Alternative subcultures- postmodernists

Katz- 1988

Answer 9

States crime is seductive- states young men get drawn to crime due to thrill not rejection on rules

Question 10

Alternative subcultures

Lyng- 1990

Answer 10

Young men like taking risks, they engage in Edgework , going right to the end of dangerous behaviour and fliriting with danger