Substation Components

Question 1

Dead End Structure

Answer 1

Either A or H Frame Design. High Side

Question 2

Potential Transformer (PT)

Answer 2

An instrument transformer used for the transformation of voltage from a higher value to the lower value. This transformer step down the voltage to a safe limit value which can be easily measured by the ordinary low voltage instrument like a voltmeter, wattmeter, and watt hour meters. etc

Question 3

Motor Operated Air Break (MOAB)

Answer 3

Used to provide a visual air gap for separating energized components for maintenance. The switch is motor operated from a remote location which offers an increased safety factor for substation personnel

Question 4

Jumpers

Answer 4

Connect two different components; conducts current, voltage, and power

Question 5

Shock Rocks

Answer 5

Insulate person from the grounding grid while at the same time providing drainage for water

Question 6

Main Breaker (52 T-1)

Answer 6

Has three breakers, one for each phase

Question 7

Bushing

Answer 7

An insulated Device that allows an electrical conductor to pass safely through a grounded conducting barrier such as the case of a transformer or circuit breaker. Bushings are typically made from porcelain, though other materials are possible.

Question 8

Current Transformer

Answer 8

A type of instrument transformer that is designed to produce an alternating current in its secondary winding which is proportional to the current being measured in its primary

Question 9

Primary Bus

Answer 9

Ties in power from the transmission lines to the MPT-1; technically the bus begins at the MOAB

Question 10

Main Power Transformer

Answer 10

A power transformer is a static machine used for transforming power from one circuit to another without changing the frequency

1. Cooling Fans
2. Fins for heat Exchange

Question 11

Conservator Tank

Answer 11

Maintains fluid level in tank; as oil heats up, oil expands into the tank

Question 12

Analog (mechanical) temperature gauge

Answer 12

Measure top oil temp

Question 13

Dryer/Dehumidifier/Heater

Answer 13

Dries the air being sucked into the conservator tank as oil gets displaced and put into the system.

Question 14

Neutral Grounding Reactor

Answer 14

Dissipates power going to ground; ties into low side neutral bushing.

Question 15

Station Service Transformer

Answer 15

Supplies power to the control house

Question 16

PT/VT

Answer 16

Steps down voltage to a small enough measurement to be read in the control house relays

Question 17

Feeder Circuit Breaker

Answer 17

Load side breaker 34.5 kV; IEEE 52#

Question 18

Fuse Box for PT

Answer 18

Supplies protection for person working and the PT’s itself; these fuses are removed during outages and are used to isolate the PT’s

Question 19

Collection Line (risers)

Answer 19

1. comes from turbine and is the collection system for the load
2. surge arrester

Question 20

Buses (low side 34.5 kV)

Answer 20

Many outgoing and incoming circuits are connected to it (busbars). The function of busbars is to receive generated power from the incoming circuit and then delivering the generated power to the outgoing circuits

Question 21

Air Switches

Answer 21

Have the Stationary contacts equipped with arc suppressing devices that enable them to be opened while energized, but recognizing a limitation as to the current that may be safely interrupted. Switch whose contacts open in the air and quenching of an arc achieves by compressed air. The air acts as a dielectric medium for the air break switch. It is more effective and reliable as compared to another switch. The air break switch is operated manually when their handle is placed on a ground level.

Question 22

Stand off Insulator

Answer 22

Provides clearance for equipment based on top of it

Question 23

Cap Bank 1. CT

Answer 23

A type of transformer that is used to measure alternating current. It produces a current in its secondary which is proportional to the current in its primary.

Question 24

Cap Bank: 2. Fuses

Answer 24

An electrical safety device that operates to provide overcurrent protection of an electrical circuit

Question 25

Cap Bank: Capacitors

Answer 25

A passive two terminal electrical component that stores potential energy in an electric static field. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance. While some capacitance exists between any two electrical conductors in proximity in a circuit, a capacitor is a component designed to add capacitance to a circuit

Question 26

Cap Bank: PT/VT

Answer 26

An instrument transformer used for the transformation of voltage from a higher value to a the lower value. This transformer step down the voltage to a safe limit value which can be easily measured by the ordinary low voltage instrument like a voltmeter, wattmeter, and watt hour meters

Question 27

Grounding Transformers

Answer 27

Are part of an earthing system of the network. They let three wire (delta) system supplies accomodate phase to neutral loads by providing a return path for current to a neutral. The GT’s we use are created with a wye-delta winding transformer.