Substante organice si anorganice Flashcards

1
Q

Care sunt substantele anorganice?

A

Apa,sarurile minerale, oxizi si ioni minerali.

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2
Q

Care sunt substantele organice simple?

A

aminoacizii, glicerolul, acizii grasi organici si monozaharidele

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3
Q

Care sunt substantele organice complexe?

A

Proteinele, glucidele, lipidele, acizii nucleici.

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4
Q

Din ce sunt alcatuite proteinele?

A

Proteinele sunt alcatuite prin unirea succesiva a 20 de aminoacizi prin reactii de polimerizare.

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5
Q

De cate tipuri sunt proteinele?

A

Structurale, enzime, hormoni proteici, imunoglobuline/anticorpi.

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6
Q

De cate tipuri sunt proteinele structurale?

A

Canale, receptori, markeri.

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7
Q

Din ce sunt alcatuite glucidele (carbohidratii)?

A

Hidrogen, Oxigen si Carbon.

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8
Q

Cum se creeaza energia din glucide?

A

Legaturile chimice dintre carbon si hidrogen sunt bogate in energie, astfel prin arderea glucidelor se creeaza energie.

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9
Q

Care sunt glucidele simple?

A

Monozaharidele si polizaharidele.

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10
Q

Care sunt glucidele complexe?

A

Celuloza, amidonul si glicogenul.

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11
Q

Ce rol au lipidele?

A

Rol structural si producator de energie.

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12
Q

De cate tipuri sunt lipidele?

A

Simple (cele care produc energie) si complexe (fosfolipidele care intra in structura membranei celulare).

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13
Q

Sărurile minerale se găsesc in abundentă in țesutul ____.

A

Osos

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14
Q

Cum se numesc lipidele care intra in alcătuirea hormonilor sexuali?

A

colesterol

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15
Q

Glucidele și lipidele sunt molecule în ale caror legaturi chimice sunt depozitate cantități mari de energie. Aceasta energie trebuie convertita intr-o forma accesibila, anume sub forma unui _______

A

Adenozintrifosfat (ATP)

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