Substance Use Addictive Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

tolerance vs dependence

A

tolerance: needing more and more to get same result
dependence: body needs substance to function normally

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2
Q

intoxication occurs at blood alc btwn?

A

100-200mg/dl

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3
Q

death can occur at rangin from?

A

400 to 700mg/dl

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4
Q

standard drink of beer

A

12 fl oz

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5
Q

standard drink of malt liquor

A

8-9 fl oz

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6
Q

standard drink wine

A

5 fl oz

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7
Q

standard drink of distilled spirits

A

1.5 fl oz

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8
Q

s/s of alc w/draw

A

Tremors, N/V, malaise or weakness, tachycardia, diaphoresis, elevated BP, anxiety, irritability, headache, insomnia, risk of seizure, and death
delirium

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9
Q

what is delirium tremens
s/s?
precautions and meds?

A

LOC change begins within 48-72 hours of last drink or heavy use.
Symptoms
Restlessness, coarse tremor, fear, confusion/ clouded sensorium, agitation, visual hallucinations, illusions, fever, sensory hyperactivity, sleeplessness, delirium, seizure
Life threatening
Medical intensive care admission required; CIWA-Ar/CAM-ICU (Confusion Assessment Method-ICU)
Calm environment
Seizure precautions
Lorazepam drip
Intubation

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10
Q

what does lorazepam do for alc w/draw

A

calms down neurons wanting alc
tx anxiety
prevent seizures
going to have tolerance
taper
sliding scale based on CIWA

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11
Q

vitamin replacement

A

Alcohol interferes with absorption of vitamins.
Increased excretion of vitamins by kidney
Deficient in thiamine and folic acid
Folic Acid
Produces and maintains new cells
Makes normal RBC and prevents anemia
Thiamine
PROTECTIVE OF NEURONS (nystagmus)
Carbohydrate metabolism
Central and peripheral nerve cell function
Prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy

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12
Q

opioid w/draw symptoms

A

Dysphoria
muscle aches
nausea/vomiting
lacrimation or rhinorrhea
pupillary dilation
piloerection
sweating
abdominal cramping
diarrhea
yawning
fever
insomnia

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13
Q

tx mild w/draw

A

acetaminophen, aspirin, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen.
Plenty of fluids and rest are important.
loperamide can help with diarrhea, dicyclomine for abdominal cramping, and hydroxyzine may ease nausea.

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14
Q

tx severe w/draw

A

a combination of a milder opioid (buprenorphine) that does not produce many of the addictive effects of other opioids and an opioid blocker (naloxone). The opioid blocker works mostly in the stomach to prevent constipation. (Suboxone)
Clonidine can help reduce the intensity of withdrawal symptoms by 50-75%. Clonidine is especially effective at reducing anxiety, cramping, muscle aches, restlessness, sweating, tears, runny nose
Methadone: an opioid agonist

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15
Q

agonist v antagonist

A

agonist increases effects
antagonist blocks effects

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16
Q

what is suboxone

A

partial agonist

17
Q

disulfiram what is antabuse

A

given for alcolhism, makes your violently ill if you drink while on antabuse

18
Q

how to treat alc wi/draw babies

A

morphine taper

19
Q

codependency

A

Codependency is a dynamic that often occurs between two people when one has an addiction. In the relationship, one person has an unhealthy reliance on the other, while the other person has a need to be needed and will do whatever it takes to try to please their loved one

20
Q

enabling behavior

A

Sometimes family members help, rescue, support, or protect their loved one from facing the negative consequences of their substance use. For example, giving them money, lying for them, or paying their bills

21
Q
A