Substance Use Flashcards
Disulfiram
Intended Effects
Oral med that is a type of aversion (behavioral) therapy
Disulfiram used concurrently with alcohol will cause acetaldehyde syndrome to occur
Disulfiram
Nursing Actions
Monitor for liver function tests to detect hepatotoxicity
Disulfiram
Client education
Avoid alcohol
Wear medical bracelet
12 week program
Potential for acetaldehyde syndrome occurs for 2 weeks following discontinuation of disulfiram
Methadone
Intended Effects
Oral med that replaces opioid to which client has physical dependence
Prevents abstinence syndrome from occurring
Used for withdrawal and long-term maintenance
Methadone
Nursing Action
12-step program
Slowly tapered when done
Administered from an approved treatment center
Clonidine
Intended Effects
Clonidine withdrawal effects related to autonomic hyperactivity (N/V/D)
Does not reduce craving for opioids
Clonidine
Client Education
Avoid activities that require mental alertness until drowsiness subsides
Chew sugarless gum hard candy, and sip small amounts of water to treat dry mouth
Buprenorphine
Intended Effects
Used for both withdrawal and maintenance
Decreases feelings of craving and can be effective in maintaining compliance
Buprenorphine
Nursing Actions
PCP can prescribe
Administer sublingually
Nalaxone
Opioid antagonist to reverse respiratory depression, coma, and other effects of opioid toxicity (Administered IM, SQ, IV, or via inhalation).
Flumazenil
Competitive benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, can reverse sedative effects and toxicity (administered IV)
Benzodiazepine
Intended effects
Maintenance of vital signs within expected reference ranges
Decrease seizure risk
Decrease intensity of withdrawal manifestations
Substitution therapy during alcohol withdrawal
