Substance Use

Question 1

Substance Use Disorder:

Answer 1

A problematic pattern of using alcohol or another substance that results in impairment in daily life or noticeable distress. A person with this disorder will often continue to use the substance despite consequences.

Question 2

Substance Intoxication

Answer 2

The development of a reversible, substance-specific syndrome as a result of the recent ingestion of a substance; must include maladaptive behavior or psychological changes and specific signs of the substances’ effects on the nervous system

Question 3

Substance Intoxication

Answer 3

A substance-specific maladaptive behavioral change with physiological and cognitive correlates, due to cessation or reduction of heavy or prolonged substance use.

Question 4

Alcohol

Answer 4

Signs of Intoxication: inappropriate sexual or aggressive behaviors; impaired
judgment; slurred speech; emotional lability; incoordination; unsteady gait;
involuntary, rhythmic movement of the eyes; impaired attention or memory; stupor;
coma.
Signs of Withdrawal: sweating; tachycardia; hand tremor; insomnia; nausea or
vomiting; transient illusions or hallucinations; anxiety; psychomotor agitation;
grand mal seizures; delirium tremens (DT’s).

Question 5

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

Answer 5

Caused by thiamine deficiency often associated with alcoholism; symptoms include confusion, loss of muscle coordination (leg tremor), and vision changes (abnormal eye movements, double vision, eyelid drooping)

Question 6

Korsakoff’s Syndrome

Answer 6

retrograde and anteretrograde amnesia and confabulation (attempts to compensate for memory loss by fabricating memories); hallucinations.

Question 7

Amphetamines/Cocaine

Answer 7

Signs of Intoxication: euphoria; anxiety; hyperactivity; grandiosity; confusion;
anger; paranoia; auditory hallucinations; tachycardia; elevated or lowered blood
pressure; dilated pupils; perspiration or chills; nausea or vomiting; weight loss;
psychomotor agitation; muscular weakness; confusion; seizures.

Signs of Withdrawal: dysphoric mood; fatigue; vivid and unpleasant dreams;
insomnia or hypersomnia; increased appetite; psychomotor agitation or retardation.

Question 8

Caffeine

Answer 8

Signs of Intoxication: restlessness; nervousness; excitement; insomnia; flushed
face; diuresis; gastrointestinal disturbance; muscle twitches; rambling flow of
thought and speech; tachycardia or arrhythmia; periods of inexhaustibility;
psychomotor agitation.

Signs of Withdrawal: headache (most common), changes in mood (such as
depression and anxiety), difficulty concentrating, fatigue, and/or increased appetite

Question 9

Cannabis

Answer 9

signs of Intoxication: impaired motor coordination; euphoria; anxiety; sensation of
slowed time; impaired judgment; social withdrawal; conjunctival injection (redness
of the eyes); increased appetite; dry mouth; tachycardia.

Signs of Withdrawal: irritability, anger or aggression, nervousness or anxiety, sleep (insomnia), decreased appetite or weight loss, restlessness, depressed
mood, stomach pain, shakiness/tremors, sweating, fever, chills, and/or headache.

Question 10

Hallucinogens

Answer 10

Signs of Intoxication: perceptual changes; anxiety; depression; ideas of reference;
paranoid ideation; pupillary dilation; tachycardia; sweating; palpitations; blurred
vision; tremors; incoordination.

Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (Flashbacks): Following the
cessation of use, the reexperiencing of one or more of the perceptual symptoms that
were experienced while intoxicated with the hallucinogen; this reexperiencing
causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupation, or other important
area of functioning.

Question 11

Opioids

Answer 11

Signs of Intoxication: initial euphoria followed by apathy or dysphoria; pupillary
constriction; drowsiness or coma; slurred speech; impairment in attention and
memory.
Signs of Withdrawal: dysphoric mood; nausea or vomiting; muscle aches;
lacrimation or rhinorrhea (runny eyes & nose); pupillary dilation; diarrhea;
yawning; fever; insomnia.

Question 12

Motivational Interviewing

Answer 12

A treatment model that focuses on resolving ambivalence and using the person’s own values and concerns to elicit change.

Works to help individuals move from a place of indecision regarding making a change to a place of motivation toward making change and meeting their goals.

Question 13

Dependent

Answer 13

the alcoholic family member

Question 14

Enabler

Answer 14

Often the spouse; the person who does everything to get the dependent to stop drinking except what might actually work.

Question 15

Hero

Answer 15

the family member who is aware of what is going on and tries to assume responsibility for the family by being successful. (often the oldest child)

Question 16

Scapegoat

Answer 16

The family member who rejects the family systems (often the 2nd child)

Question 17

Lost Child

Answer 17

The family member who quietly withdraws from the family system (often the 3rd child)

Question 18

Mascot

Answer 18

The member who “plays the clown” in order to relieve family tension or their own pain (often the youngest child)

Question 19

early full remission

Answer 19

none of the criteria for substance use disorder except cravings are met for at least 3 months but less than 12 months

Question 20

Sustained Full Remission

Answer 20

None of the criteria for Substance Use Disorder except craving have been met for at least 12 month period or longer.

Question 21

Precontemplation

Answer 21

the client is not yet thinking about change

Question 22

Contemplation

Answer 22

The client is thinking about and talking about change. They are considering whether or not to work towards change.

Question 23

Preparation

Answer 23

The client is actively planning out steps to take in order to make change happen during this stage

Question 24

Maintenance

Answer 24

During this stage the client is maintaining the change that has been made

Question 25

Harm Reduction

Answer 25

Interventions that aims to reduce the neagrive effects of alcohol and drug us. It acknowledges that despite prevention and abstiences efforts, some clients will continue to engage in alcohol and drug use. Incluse

limiting the number of days you drink per week
limiting the number of drinks you consume in one setting
habinr a designated driver
utilizing needle exchange sites
utilizing injection sites

Question 26

Contingency Management

Answer 26

A type of behavioral therapy that uses incentives to help clients abstain from drugs and alcohol. Client are encouraged to engage in sobriety and engage in behaviors supporting sobriety. As goals are achieved and behaviors are modified clients receive reeard.