Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

Question 1

substance addiction

Answer 1

physical and psychological dependence

interferes with life and role obligations
intense cravings, social isolation

Question 2

substance intoxication

Answer 2

disruption in functioning following excessive use of a substance

Question 3

substance withdrawal

Answer 3

symptoms occurring upon abrupt reduction or discontinuation; disrupts functioning

Question 4

predisposing factors for substance abuse/addictive disorders

Answer 4

biological: genetics, hereditary, morphine-like effects

psychological: low self-esteem, depression, anxiety

sociocultural: parents, peers, conditioning, and cultures

Question 5

Alcohol intoxication

Answer 5

slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, disinhibition, decreased judgment and functioning, sexual/aggressive impulses.
100-200 mg/dL in blood (BAC limit is 80 mg/dL)

Question 6

alcohol withdrawal

Answer 6

CIWA-Ar scale

tremors, N/V, insomnia, anxiety, sweating, depersonalization, irritability, sensitivity to light/sound, HA, hallucinations/illusions, seizures

Question 7

sedative-hypnotic intoxication

Answer 7

CNS depression: slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, stupor, coma

Question 8

sedative-hypnotic withdrawal

Answer 8

autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia and sweating), tremors, insomnia, N/V, hallucinations/illusions, anxiety, seizures, delirium

Question 9

stimulant intoxication

Answer 9

increased or decreased vitals; N/V, euphoria, confusion, decreased judgment, diskinesia

Question 10

caffeine intoxication

Answer 10

> 250 mg
restlessness, nervous, excited, insomnia, rambling, tachycardia

Question 11

stimulant withdrawal

Answer 11

fatigue, depression, HA, nightmares, depression, sleep and psychomotor changes

Question 12

caffeine and nicotine withdrawal

Answer 12

caffeine: HA, fatigue, flu-like symptoms

nicotine: irritability, insomnia, anxiety, bradycardia

Question 13

inhalant intoxication

Answer 13

dizziness, ataxia, muscle weakness, euphoria, excitation, disinhibition; slurred speech, nystagmus, blurred/double vision, stupor, coma

Question 14

inhalant withdrawal

Answer 14

VERY MILD and only after chronic long-term use

restlessness, N/V, rhinorrhea, decreased attention, mood changes

Question 15

Opioid intoxication

Answer 15

euphoria -> apathy, dysphoria; decreased judgment; pupillary constriction, drowsiness, slurred speech, decreased memory and attention

SEVERE: pupillary dilation, respiratory depression, coma, death

Question 16

Opioid withdrawal

Answer 16

COWS scale

dysphoria, N/V, muscle aches, lacrimation/rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation, piloerection, sweating; diarrhea, yawning, fever, insomnia

Question 17

Hallucinogen intoxication

Answer 17

perceptual alteration; HTN, tachycardia, palpitations, sweating, tremors, incoordination

Question 18

Cannabis intoxication

Answer 18

decreased motor coordination, euphoria, anxiety, sense of slowed time, impaired judgment; conjunctival injection (eye redness), increased appetitie, dry mouth, tachycardia

Question 19

Cannabis withdrawal

Answer 19

irritability, anger, aggression; anxiety, sleep disturbances; decreased appetitie, depressed mood, restlessness; abdominal pain, tremors, sweating, fever, chills, HA

Question 20

Nursing process: assessment

Answer 20

CAGE questionnaire (cut down, annoyed/criticism, guilt, eye opener)
SBIRT (screening, brief intervention, referral to treatment)

Question 21

dual diagnosis

Answer 21

substance use disorder co-ocurring with other psychiatric disorder

Question 22

family education

Answer 22

management of addiction
support services – financial, legal
AA (requires abstinence)
counseling, group therapy

Question 23

codependency

Answer 23

family enables chemical dependent person, sacrificing own needs for fulfillment of others

Question 24

Disulfram

Answer 24

Antabuse; deterrant for alcoholism. makes extremely sick if drink alcohol

Question 25

alcohol withdrawal medications

Answer 25

benzos, anticonvulsants, THIAMINE (deficiency)

Question 26

opioid overdose medication

Answer 26

Naloxone (Narcan)

Question 27

Methadone

Answer 27

substitution therapy for opioid addiction

Question 28

phenobarbital (luminol)

Answer 28

substitution therapy for alcohol withdrawal

Question 29

stimulant withdrawal medication

Answer 29

tranquilizers, anticonvulsants, antidepressants

Question 30

hallucinogen/cannabinoid withdrawal

Answer 30

benzos, antipsychotic