Substance Abuse Disorder Flashcards
Sensitization
increased response to a drug with repeated use, shifting the dose response to the left
Ex.) Cocaine induced movement, cataplexy, and seizures
Withdrawal
the physical and mental symptoms that a person has when they suddenly stop or cut back use of an addictive substance
Tolerance
a state of adaptation in which exposure to a drug induces changes that result in a decrease of one or more of the drug’s effects over time. Shifting the response curve to the right.
Addiction
a primary, chronic, neurobiological disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations
The 5 C’s of Addiction
Chronicity
impaired Control over drug use
Compulsive use
Continued use despite harm
Craving
Drug abuse
maladaptive pattern of substance use characterized by repeated adverse consequences related to repeated use of the substance
Dependence
Body adapts to presence of drug -> needs drug on board to maintain homeostasis
Opiate agonist
drugs that activate opiate receptors on neurons
Opiate antagonist
drugs that bind to opiate receptors and block them
Partial agonist
drugs that bind to opiate receptors but not to the same degree as full agonists
Creatinine normalization formula
= (Urine drug level / Urine Creatinine) x 100
Sedative hypnotics: Effect
decreased BP
memory impairment
drowsiness
confusion
anterograde amnesia
GI
urinary retention
slurred speech
poor coordination
bloodshot eyes
respiratory depression
Sedative hypnotics: withdrawal
anxiety
insomnia
restlessness
muscle tension
irritability
blurred vision
diaphoresis
nightmares
paranoia
hallucinations
seizures
psychosis
Benzodiazepine Overdose Treatment
supportive care
flumazenil 0.2mg/min up to 3 mg max
Barbiturate Overdose Treatment
supportive care
