Substance abuse and addictive disorders Flashcards
Most widely used psychoactive substance
Caffeine
Most widely used illegal drug
Marijuana
Contributes to 2 million injuries a year in the US.
Alcoholism
Psychoactive drugs
chemical substances that alter your mood and perception
Depressants
mellow, slow body functions, suppress neural activity; examples: alcohol, tranquilizers and opiates
Disinhibitor
impairs your brain’s judgement areas, while reducing your self-awareness and self-control
Stimulants
speed up body functions, excite neural activity, self-confidence and mood changes; examples are caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines
Hallucinogens aka psychedelics
distort perceptions and evoke sensory images, examples: plant, fungal, synthetic hearing smelling things that are not real
T/F mental illness increases when we see an increase in different forms of addiction
True
Define as excessive drinking, binge drinking, amnesia like periods, blackouts, inability to cut down drinking,
Alcohol use disorder
Defined as seizures and delirium, medical emergency, one week after someone stops drinking
Alcohol withdrawal
Defines as memory loss due to prolonged ETOH abuse, rare for those under 35 because it is a long term drinking disorder, it is reversible (ataxia, only 20 percent recover)
Alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder
Defined as depressant, result in depression induced by alcohol
Alcohol-induced mood disorder
Defined as panic attacks, anxiety only occurs with ETOH consumption
Alcohol-induced anxiety disorder-
Defined as due to alcohol consumption individuals cannot perform
Alcohol-induced sexual dysfunction
Defined as difficulty sleeping due to drinking alcohol
Alcohol-induced sleep disorder
what are other Alcohol-related neurological disorders
fetal alcohol syndrome
Liver is commonly damaged with alcoholism
Disorders defined as intoxicants; associated with panic attacks, delirium and anxiety, natural and synthetic(easily made and sold cheaply) treatment is removal from substance and the person goes through withdrawal.
Hallucinogen related disorders
Disorder defined as gaseous fumes (shaving cream, gas, hairspray) cleaning fluids, aerosol cans, works fast and central nervous system depressant (younger people tend to have this)
Inhalant related disorders
Warning signs for recognizing an opioid overdose
blue or purple fingernails and lips, unresponsiveness to voice or touch, pinpoint-sized pupils, slow heartbeat or low BP, slow irregular or stopped breathing, pale clammy skin
Overdose tx
- (adequate airway) mechanically assisted until you can administer the drug naloxone to purge the chemicals
- methadone - allows people to engage in occupations, increases alertness, methadone is used to treat opioid addiction
- Therapeutic communities: abstinence is required, former abusers, individuals must be motivated to change (lifestyle change) residential home or campus.
- Needle exchange- safe sex practice, teaching how to safely inject and provide clean needles
- Narcotics anonymous: models 12 step program.
Disorder defined as meth ritalin and cocaine, speed, rapid downward spiral of life, there is a need to increase the amount, constantly seeking more and more to get high. Euphoria, high pressure jobs, cardiac effects, hypertension, treatment is detox and psychological therapy
Stimulant related disorder
What are other substance use and addictive disorders
Gaming disorders, sex, video gaming, gambling
Phases of gambling and tx
winning phase, progressive loss phase (life around gambling) not so smart gambling, loose their job, borrow money to gamble, desperate phase: not able to pay their bills or debts, loan sharks, embezzle money to pay for debt, hopeless phase: they begin to accept the loss. Tx: gambling anonymous (12 step program)
