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Human AP-chpt 10- Agriculture > Subsistence And Commercial Agriculture > Flashcards

Subsistence And Commercial Agriculture Flashcards

0
Q

What’s commercial agriculture

A

Production of food primarily for sale off the farm

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1
Q

What’s subsistence agriculture

A

Production of food for consumption in the farmers family

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2
Q

Who identified agricultural region

A

Telegrapher deferent whittlesey 1936

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3
Q

Whittlesey identified —- agricultural regions, plus an area where ——

A

11 and an area where agriculture is nonexistent

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4
Q

Whittseley’s agricultural regions are divided between —- that are important in LDCs and —– that are important in mdcs

A

5 and 6

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5
Q

Predominant agriculture in Middle East

A

Pastoral nomadism

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6
Q

Predominant agriculture in

Central Africa

A

Shifting cultivation

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7
Q

What factors explain agricultural differences

A

Climate

Cultural preferences

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8
Q

Where are hogs avoided

A

Muslim regions

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9
Q

Where is wine production not

A

Low in Africa and Asia because on alcohol avoidance

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10
Q

Five principal features distinguish commercial agriculture from subsistence agriculture

A 
Purpose of farming, 
Percentage of farmers in labor force
Use of machinery
Farm size
Relationship of farming to other business
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11
Q

Purpose of farming subsistence

A

Owns consumption with some surplus sold to government or private firms

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12
Q

Purpose of farming commercial

A

Primarily for sale off farm rather than for own consumption

Sold to food processing companies - General Mills and kraft sign contracts for grain, chickens, cattle, other to be made into products

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13
Q

Percentage of farmers in labor force LDCs

A

50% in LDCs

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14
Q

Percentage of farmers in labor force mdcs

A

5%

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15
Q

Percentage of farmers USA

A

2%

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16
Q

Yet, the percentage of farmers in USA and Canada produce enough for

A

Themselves and more

17
Q

When did percentage of farmers decrease in mdcs

A

20th century

18
Q

Both ——- and——- factors contributed to the decline of farmers in mdcs

A

Push and pull

19
Q

Push factor: farms

A

Pushed off of farms by lack of opportunity to earn decent income

20
Q

Pull: farms in mdcs

A

Pulled to higher pang jobs in urban areas

21
Q

Why can mdcs produce so much food

A

Rely on machinery to do work rather than people and animals

22
Q

1770 first what machinery

A

First iron plow

23
Q

what machinery was developedp help farmers

A

Tractors combines corn pickets

24
Q

19th century important transportation improvement

A

Railroads

25
Q

Twentieth century important transportation improvement

A

Highways and trucks

26
Q

Commercial farms use— advantages to increase productivity

A

Scientific

27
Q

What science has helped farmers

A 
New fertilizers 
Herbicides 
Hybrid plants
Animal breeds
Farming practices
28
Q

How does electronics help farmers

A

GPS
- determine precise coordinates for spreading different types and amounts of fertilizers
- monitor location of cattle
Satellite imagery
- crop progress
Yield monitors
- attached to combines to determine precise number of bushels harvested

29
Q

Farm size commercial

A

Large especially in USA and Canada

30
Q

Us farm average

A

180 hectares

449acres

31
Q

Most commercial farms are owned by

A

Family owned and operated

32
Q

How do commercial farms expand their holdings

A

Renting nearby fields

33
Q

How do commercial pay for farms

A

Rent banks and repay after output is sold

34
Q

Amount of farmers —–

Land devoted to agriculture —-

A

Decreases

Increases

35
Q

Prime agricultural land

A

Most productive farmland in USA

36
Q

Why farmland is decreasing

A

Urban sprawl

37
Q

Commercial ties to other business

A

Strong ties

38
Q

Agribusiness

A

The system of commercial farming found in the USA and other mdcs

39
Q

Why is it called agribusiness

A

The family farm is not an isolated activity but integrated into a large food producing industry

40
Q

Agribusiness includes

A

Tractor manufacturing
Fertilizer production
Seed distribution.

Human AP-chpt 10- Agriculture (16 decks)

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