Subphylums and Classes of Animalia

Question 1

Subphylum Urochordata

Answer 1

the tunicates
under phylum Chordata

Question 2

Subphylum Cephalochordata

Answer 2

the Lancelets
under phylum Chordata

Question 3

Subphylum Vertebrata

Answer 3

the vertebrates
under phylum Chordata

Question 4

Class Agnatha

Answer 4

under phylum Chordata
jawless fish: hagfish and lampreys
- no paired fins
- no scales

Question 5

Class Chondrichthyes
(3 characteristics)

Answer 5

under phylum chordata
cart. fish: sharks, skates, rays
- mostly marine; some freshwater
- thin flat bodies
- pectoral fins

Question 6

class Osteichthyes
(4 characteristics)

Answer 6

under phylum chordata
bony fish
- largest class of vertebrates
- marine and freshwater
- calcified bone structures
- fins, scales, and skin

Question 7

class amphibia
(6 characteristics)

Answer 7

under phylum chordata
amphibians
- typically tetrapods w/ webbed feet
- ectothermic
- young are herbivores, adults are carnivores
- sticky tongue for feeding
- cutaneous respiration through thin skin
- 3 orders: urodela, anura, apoda

Question 8

class reptilia
(3 characteristics)

Answer 8

under phylum chordata
the reptiles
- scales
- ectothermic
- either tetrapods or no legs

Question 9

class aves
(3 characteristics)

Answer 9

under phylum chordata
the birds
- feathers
- air sacs and lungs for breathing
- migratory

Question 10

class mammalia
(4 characteristics)

Answer 10

under phylum chordata
the mammals
- hair or fur
- two pairs of limbs (except for whales)
- endothermic
- mammary glands

Question 11

subphylum crustacea
(5 characteristics)

Answer 11

under phylum arthropoda
crabs, lobsters, shrimp, etc.
- compound eyes
- 2 pairs antennae
- mandibles and maxillae (for feeding)
- 2 body segments
- aquatic

Question 12

subphylum myriapoda

Answer 12

under phylum arthropoda
centipedes and millipedes

Question 13

subphy. chelicerates

Answer 13

under phylum arthropoda
spiders, scorpians, horseshoe crabs, ticks, etc.

Question 14

class insecta
(5 characteristics)

Answer 14

under phylum arthropoda
the insects
- 3 body segments
- 6 walking legs
- wings (at some point)
- pair of antennae
- compound eyes

Question 15

class arachnid
(5 characteristics)

Answer 15

under phylum arthropoda
- mostly terrestrial
- 8 legged (4 pairs walking legs)
- pair of pedipalps (feeding and sensing)
- 2 body segments
- no wings, no antennae

Question 16

class chilopoda
(3 characteristics)

Answer 16

under phylum arthropoda
the centipedes
- 30 to 354 legs
- carnivores
- flat, segmented bodies; one pair legs on each segment

Question 17

class dilopoda
(3 characteristics)

Answer 17

under phylum arthropoda
the millipedes
- 24 to 750 legs
- round, segmented bodies; two pairs legs per segment
- saprophytes

Question 18

Class syphozoa
(3 characteristics)

Answer 18

under phylum cnidaria
the jellyfish
- typically small
- motile
- polyp and medusa form

Question 19

class anthozoa
(1 characteristic)

Answer 19

under phylum cnidaria
the anemones and coral
- only in polyp form

Question 20

class hydrozoa
(2 characteristics)

Answer 20

under phylum cnidaria
the hydra, hydroid colonies, and man-of-war
- mostly marine
- small, but colonial species can be very large

Question 21

class asteroidea
(3 characteristics)

Answer 21

under phylum echinodermata
the sea stars
- pentaradial sym. : five thick arms from central disk
- tube feet (for feeding, moving, breathing)
- predators

Question 22

class ophiuroidea
(3 characteristics)

Answer 22

under phylum echinodermata
the brittle stars
- pentaradial sym: five thin arms
- motile
- self-amputation and regeneration

Question 23

class echinoidea
(4 characteristics)

Answer 23

under phylum echinodermata
the sea urchins and sand dollars
- rigid body walls
- spherical or flat
- tube feet (moving, feeding)
- no arms

Question 24

class holothuroidea
(4 characteristics)

Answer 24

under phylum echinodermata
the sea cucumbers
- leathery skin
-front tentacles
- long
- adults have radial symmetry

Question 25

class bivalvia
(5 characteristics)

Answer 25

under phylum mollusca
clams, oysters, mussels, scallops, etc.
- two shells
- nacre
- hinge teeth, ligaments, adductor muscles to hold and align shells
- umbo
- gills

Question 26

Class gastropoda
(2 characteristics)

Answer 26

under phylum mollusca
slugs, snails, conches, abalones, etc.
- univalves
- “stomach” foot

Question 27

Class cephalopoda
(4 characteristics)

Answer 27

under phylum mollusca
nautilus, cuttlefish, octopus, squid
- well-developed head
- tentacles
- elongated visc. hump
- jet propulsion