Subjunctive, Imperfect Subjunctive, and Conditional Tenses Flashcards
When should the subjunctive tense be used?
Situations showing everything except certainty and objectivity; WEIRDO triggers.
How do you form the subjunctive?
Go to the yo, drop the -o, and add:
- ar: -e, -es, -e, -emos, -en
- er/-ir: -a, -as, -a, -amos, -an
Rules concerning stem-changing verbs in the subjunctive
In -ar/-er verbs, Follow the boot.
In -ir verbs, in the nosotros form, e:ie->e to i
o:ue->o to u
e:i->same thing
Dar in the present subjunctive
dé des dé demos deis den
Estar in the present subjunctive
esté estés esté estemos estéis estén
Haber in the present subjunctive
haya hayas haya hayamos hayáis hayan
Ir in the present subjunctive
vaya vayas vaya vayamos vayáis vayan
Saber in the present subjunctive
sepa sepas sepa sepamos sepáis sepan
Ser in the present subjunctive
sea seas sea seamos seáis sean
WEIRDO triggers
W: wishes, desires, imperatives E: emotion I: impersonal observations R: recommendations D: doubt, disbelief, denial O: ojalá que.... S: speculation
When should you use imperfect subjunctve?
Past WEIRDO, current opinions of past events, unlikely/impossible wishes, if clauses, polite suggestions/requests
How is the imperfect subjunctive formed?
Go to the preterite, third person plural tense of the verb, drop the -ron, and add -ra, -ras, -ra, -ramos, -ran
When is the conditional used?
Expressing probability, possibility, wonder, or conjecture (translated as would, could, must have, or probably).
Used in conjunction with the imperfect subjunctive in if clauses.
How is the conditional formed?
Attach -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -ían to the infinitive.
Empezar, yo form subjunctive
empiece (z to c when before e)
