Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psychology 3/4 (2023) > subdivisions of the nervous system > Flashcards

subdivisions of the nervous system Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

central nervous system

A
  • consists of the brain and spinal cord
  • processes information from the body and activates appropriate responses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

brain

A

an intricate network of cells that processes information and directs actions within the body

continuously receives/analyses sensory information; responds by controlling all bodily functions and actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

spinal cord

A

long, thin bundle of nerve tissue that extends from the brain, downwards

injury to spinal cord:
- brain loses sensory input
- leads to paralysis (dependent on severity and where injured)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

neural pathway

A

comprises one or more circuits of interconnected neurons that forms communication networks

some are short and others are long distances; connects brain and body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sensory (afferent) information

A

received from the body and sends it to the brain

sending information from the body to the brain for processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

motor (efferent) information

A

received from the brain and sends it to the body

sending information from the brain to the body for action to be taken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

peripheral nervous system

A
  • the entire network of nerves outside the CNS
  • transmits info to and from the body (sensory and motor functions)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

somatic nervous system

A
  • branch of PNS
  • connects to sensory organs and skeletal muscles
  • controls voluntary movement and sensation

exception: spinal reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

skeletal muscles

A

mucles in SNS, inactive in the absence of motor neuron messages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

autonomic nervous system

A
  • branch of PNS
  • connects to visceral internal organs and glands
    controls involuntary movement

3 branches: sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric

exception: controlling breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

visceral muscles

A

muscles in ANS, have built-in mechanisms to generate and maintain their activity

do not depend on voluntary control by the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A
  • branch of ANS
  • activates the visceral muscles in times of stress or threat
  • activates the flight-fight-freeze response
  • immediately releases adrenaline
  • enhances survival (bc immediate response)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A
  • branch of ANS
  • calms the visceral muscles in times of minimal stress/absence of threat
  • maintains internal body environment (homeostasis)
  • restores body to state of calm –> reverses bodily changes of SNS
  • occurs in the absence of adrenaline

adrenaline does not subside immediately and requires sometime to fully return to PSNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sympathetic nervous system examples

A

increased heart rate, breathing, dilated pupils, stopped digestion, perspiration, SAM axis activation

SAM) sympathetic-adreno-medullar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

parasympathetic nervous system examples

A

normal/increased digestion, normal heart rate and breathing, more salivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

enteric nervous system

A
  • branch of PNS
  • receives/sends messages to/from PSNS and Symp. NS

nerves lined along the gut (wall of gut, intestines and stomach)

17
Q

vagus nerve

A

a nerve fiber that enables direct communication of ENS and CNS (gut-brain axis)

ie stomach sends upward message of fullness and brain sends downward messages of incoming food

18
Q

conscious response

A
  • controlled by somatic NS
  • involves awareness
  • one voluntarily acts and responds to sensory stimuli
  • intricate responses/ can be learnt

ie the person ‘thinks’, ‘decides’ , ‘interpret’

19
Q

unconscious response

A
  • person is unaware
  • involuntarily, unintentional, automatic
  • simple responses/ occurs in the same way each time
  • to avoid danger and minimise harm

ie a ‘burning’ mug held; ‘dropping immediately’ on the floor; ‘reacts later’

20
Q

two types of unconscious responses

A
  1. autonomic - regulation of vital body functions (heartbeat, breathing, digestion)
  2. spinal reflex - when the spinal cord bypasses brain for fast response
21
Q

spinal reflex

A

unconscious, involuntary occurring response to certain stimuli without involvement from the brain
- response to potentially dangerous stimuli

22
Q

spinal reflex steps

A
  1. touching hot plate/threat present
  2. sense organs register information
  3. sensory neurons carry info to the spinal cord
  4. interneurons in the SC relay info to motor neurons
  5. motor neuron carry info away from SC
  6. muscles receive message to move the hands and fingers
  7. hand is moved away in a withdrawal reflex
  8. processing pain in the brain
23
Q

sensory neurons

A
  • PNS
  • incoming info
24
Q

interneurons

A
  • CNS (spine)
  • processing info
25
Q

motor neurons

A
  • PNS
  • outgoing info

psychology 3/4 (2023) (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions