Subdivision and Organisation of the Human Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What changes with mammalian species?

A

The forebrain becomes larger and more complicated.

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2
Q

Sulci subdivided the ______ into _______

A

Sulci subdivided the hemispheres into natural compartments

eg; central sulcus, lateral fissure

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3
Q

CS lies between _____ and stops just before _____

A

Lies between PrCS and PoCS and stops before lateral fissure

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4
Q

_____ connects to the lateral fissure, and usually stops short laterally

A

Parieto occipital Sulcus

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5
Q

Why is the forebrain the most important?

A

Because it determines personality, decisions, makes you.. you

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6
Q

Primary motor cortex

A
  • comes up and slightly medial

- determines movement of muscles on opposing side

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7
Q

How is the division of the motor cortex

A

Lower 1/3: face
Middle 1/3: Hand (esp fingers)
Upper 1/3: wrist, trunks, feet.

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8
Q

What would happen if you damaged a part of the primary somatosensory cortex?

A

The corresponding sensory area would go numb (similar homonculus to motor)

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9
Q

Primary visual cortex lies either side of _____ and is organised in a _________

A

Primary visual cortex lies either side of calcarine sulcus and is organised in a visuotopical manner

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10
Q

What does visuotopical mean?

A

organisation where peripheral and medial is organised

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11
Q

What surrounds the primary visual cortex

A

secondary association areas (colour/movement detection)

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12
Q

The primary auditory cortex is also called? How is it organised

A

‘Transverse Gyrus of Heschl”

Tonotopically organised: different tones going low to high throughout the cortex.

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13
Q

How is the motor cortex organised

A

Somatotopically

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14
Q

What surrounds all the primary areas??

A

secondary association areas. These areas of the brain interface with the outside environment and feed in/out put into the primary areas.

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15
Q

What drives verbal language?

A

Association areas on the LEFT (dominant) hemispere side of the brain

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16
Q

What is Wernicke’s area, and what happens when its affected?

A

Speech recognition.

If affected you can hear but not understand ‘sensory aphasia’

17
Q

What is Broca’s area, and what happens when its affected?

A

Controls the layrnx, pharynx and speaking apparatus. Notice it is semi connected to the pirmary motor cortex.

if affected: motor/non-fluent aphasia (can’t speak)

18
Q

An aphasia is?

A

disorder of speech associated with the brain

19
Q

What connects the Broca’s and Wernickes Areas?

A

Arcuate Fasciculus. Very clear bundle of fibres

20
Q

Supermarginal Angular Gyrus

A

Critical for reading and writing, gets input from wernickes and broca’s.

Projects to exners area, (area that controls writing).

21
Q

Then whats on the RIGHT hemisphere

A

Non-Verbal Language (body language, 95% communication)

  • Emotional expression
  • Spatial 3D skills
  • Conceptual understanding
  • Artistic/musical skills
22
Q

Affects of injury to the right hemisphere?

A
  • spatial disorientation
  • loss of musical appreciation
  • speech lacks emotion
  • loss of non-verbal language
  • can recognise loved ones
23
Q

Frontal Association Cortex is for?

A
Personality
Intelligence
behaviour 
Mood
Cognitive function

“makes you YOU”

24
Q

Parietal Association Cortex is for?

A
  • Spatial skills
  • 3D recognition
  • shapes
  • faces
  • written word
  • concepts
  • abstract perception
25
Q

Temporal Association cortex

A
  • memory
  • mood
  • aggression
  • intelligence