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MYCOLOGY - VIROLOGY > Subcutaneous and Systemic > Flashcards

Subcutaneous and Systemic Flashcards

1
Q

dark fungi that form melanin

A

Dematiaceous

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2
Q

specialized hyphal branch that produces successive conidia

A

Conidiophore

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3
Q

an open-ended, tubular or flask-like conidiophore that produces phialoconidia

A

Phialides

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4
Q

involve the dermis and subcutaneous tissue

A

Subcutaneous mycoses

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5
Q

often result from traumatic skin puncture

A

Subcutaneous Mycoses

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5
Q

Classification of Subcutaneous Mycoses

A

Chromoblastomycosis

Mycetoma

Phaeohyphomycosis

Sporotrichosis

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7
Q

General Characteristics of Subcutaneous Fungal Species

A
  • dark color
  • found in soil
  • growth rate: 1-4 weeks
  • septated hyphae
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8
Q

Mode of transmission of Subcutaneous Mycoses

A

acquired by mechanical means (trauma)

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9
Q

Fungal species of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Forsecaea species, Phialoph Verrucosa, Cladosporium carrionii, Exophiala jeanselmi

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10
Q

Fungal species of Mycetoma

A

Pseudoallescheria, Acremonium, Curvularia, Madurella

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11
Q

Classified to be a dimorphic fungi

A

Sporothrix schenkii

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12
Q

most commin isolated agent of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Forsecaea Pedrosoi

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13
Q

Fungal Species of Sporotrichosis

A

Sporothrix schenkii

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14
Q

Classification of Subcutaneous Mycoses

A

Chromoblastomycosis
Mycetoma
Phaeohyphomycosis
Sporotrichosis

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15
Q

flask or cup-shaped fungi

A

Phialophora verrucosa

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16
Q

Fungal species of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Phialophora verrucosa
Cladoporium carrionii
Exophiala jeanselmi

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17
Q

Fungal species of Phaeohyphomycosis

A

Bipolaris, Curvularia, E. jeanselmi, W. dermatitis

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18
Q

Fungal species of Mycetoma

A

Pseudoallesheria
Acremonium
Curvularua
Madurella

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19
Q

Fungal species of phaeohyphomycises

A

Bipolaris
Curvularia
Exophiala jeanselmi
W. dermatidis

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20
Q

Caused by dematiaceous fungi

A

Chromoblastomycosis

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21
Q

Fungal species of Sporotrichoses

A

Sporothrix schenkii

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22
Q

Classified as Dimorphic Fungi (Subcutaneous)

A

Sporothrix schenkii

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23
Q

Lesions of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Cauliflower-like lesions with secondary infection and ulceration

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24
Q

Most commonly isolated agent of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Forsecaea pedrosoi

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25
Q

Predominant form of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Dark, septated hyphae with primary conidia on tip

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26
Q

flask or cup-shaped fungi

A

Phialophora verrucosa

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27
Q

dome-shaped fungi

A

Phialophora verrucosa

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28
Q

looks like “wheat”/palay

A

Cladosporium carrioni

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29
Q

treatment of Chromoblastomycosis

A

no really good cure but it can be
Thiabendazole
or
Itraconazole

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30
Q

Tumor-like deformaties of subcutaneous tissue with abscesses draining sinuses and granulomatous pus

A

Mycetoma

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31
Q

2 types of mycetoma

A

Actinomycotic (Bacterial)

Eumycotic (Fungal)

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32
Q

results from infection with aerobic Actinomyces

A

Actinomycotic mycetoma

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33
Q

examples of Actinomycotic mycetoma

A

Nocardia, Actinomadura, streptomyces

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34
Q

associated with several fungi species that have septate hyphae

A

Eumycotic mycetoma

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35
Q

examples of Eumycotic mycetoma

A 
Pseudoallescheria
Aspergillus
Exophiala
Acremonium
Curvularia
Madurella
36
Q

also known as Madura foot

37
Q

Mycetoma Triad of symptoms

A

Swelling, sinus tracks, sulfur granules

38
Q

possess a one-celled conidia gathered at the tip of annelids

A

Exophiala jeanselmi

39
Q

Sexual Pseudoallescheria

40
Q

Asexual Pseudoalleschera

A

apiospermum

41
Q

golden-brown, single celled conidia on tips of conidiospores

A

apiospermum

42
Q

sac (ascus) containing ascospores

43
Q

Agent of Pseudoallescheria

A

Pseudoallescheria boydii

44
Q

causes opportunistic infections like meningitis, brain abscesses and arthritis

A

Pseudoallescheria boydii

45
Q

infection may become invasive systemic and or cerebral

A

Phaeohyphomycosis

46
Q

invading various organs

47
Q

Most commonly isolated agent of phaeohyphomycosis

A

Wangiella dermatitidis

48
Q

blast-shape conidiophore

A

Wangiella dermatitidis

49
Q

Temperature requirement of Wangiella dermatitidis

A

grows well at 40 Deg Celsius

50
Q

cause of Sporotrichosis

A

Sporothrix schenkii

51
Q

“rose-thorn or rose-gardener’s disease”

A

Sporotrichosis

52
Q

Mode of transmission of Sporotrichosis

A

acquired through skin pricking from the thorn of Rose plant

53
Q

Treatment of Sporotrichosis

A

Potassium iodide solution

54
Q

conidia arranged singly or in flowerette arrangement

A

Sporothrix schenkii

55
Q

Temperature requirements of Sporothrix schenkii

A

Mycelial form: 25 Deg Celsius

Yeast form: 35-37 Deg Celsius

56
Q

Culture of Sporothrix Schenkii

A

Rapidly grwoing

Starts light then turns dark

57
Q

deep seated fungal infections caused by Dimorphic Fungi

A

Systemic Mycoses

58
Q

also known as “North American Blastomycosis”, “Blastomycetic Dermatitis” or “GilChrist’s disease”

A

Blastomycosis

59
Q

Endemic in areas south of Ohio River

A

Blastomycosis

60
Q

Mode of transmission of Blastomycosis

A

acquired through inhalation of fungus from environment

61
Q

incubation period of blastomycosis

A

30 to 100 days

62
Q

Mycelial phase of Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

“lollipops”

63
Q

Yeast Phase of Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

Thick-walled large yeast cells with single bud

64
Q

creamy, waxy. and heapedye or wrinkled inhibited by chloramphenicol cycloheximide

A

yeast phase of Blastomyces dermititidis

65
Q

waxy, yeast like becoming cottony

A

Mycelial phase of Blastomyces dermatitidis

66
Q

another name for Coccidiodomycosis

A

“Valley Fever”, “California fever”, “Desert rheumatism” , “San Joaquin valley fever”

67
Q

Most commonly isolated agent of Coccidiodomycosis

A

Coccidiodes immitis

68
Q

endemic in U.S.

A

Coccidiodomycosis

69
Q

mode of transmission of Coccidiodomycosis

A

inhalation of particles

70
Q

how many days does the culture of Coccidiodes immitis grows?

71
Q

Also known as “ Cave Disease “

A

Histoplasmosis

72
Q

also known as “ Darling’s disease “

A

Histoplasmosis

73
Q

Endemic on caves

A

Histoplasmosis

74
Q

common among AIDS patients

A

Histoplasmosis

75
Q

acquired through bird droppings and bats.. What bird?

A

Histoplasmosis

pigeon

76
Q

can infect mucous membranes, lymphatics, skin

A

Paracoccidiodomycosis

77
Q

another name for Paracoccidiodomycosis

A

“Brazilian Blastomycosis”

“ South American Blastomycosis”

78
Q

Most often found in South and Central America and Mexico

A

Paracoccidiodomycosis

79
Q

Paracoccidiodomycosis(mode of transmission)

A
  • inhalation of spores

- chewing fungally contaminated food

80
Q

mucocutaneous or cutaneous ulcers that spread to liver

A

Paracocidiodomycosis

81
Q

treatment of paracoccidiodomycosis

A

Antifungal drugs

82
Q

Yeast phase : Marimer’s or ship’s wheel (Multiple buds)

A

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

83
Q

mycelial phase of Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

A

Chlamydiospores

84
Q

Culture: White leathery colony

A

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

85
Q

3rd most common opportunistic infection in HIV patients

A

Penicilliosis

86
Q

endemic in Southeast Asia

A

Penicilliosis

87
Q

Temperature requirements of Penicillum marneffei

A

37 Deg Celsius - BHI blood

25 Deg Celsius -Sabouraud

MYCOLOGY - VIROLOGY (4 decks)

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