subatomic elements, isotopes, and isotopic notation Flashcards
for exam 1
what is law of conservation of mass
States that in a chemical reaction mass is neither created nor destroyed
what is law of definite proportions
All samples of a given compound have the same proportions of the elements that make it up
what is the charge of neutron
neutral
what is the charge of electron
negative
what is the charge of proton
positive
which subatomic element is super small compared to the other two
electron
Proton charge and electron charge are _____ in magnitude and _____ in sign.
equal, opposite
where are protons located in the atom
the nucleus
where are neutrons located in the atom
the nucleus
what is the form for isotopic notation
A
X
z
what is symbol for Atomic number
Z
what is symbol for atomic mass
A
atomic mass =
Atomic mass = Atomic number(aka # of protons) + number of neutrons
(A = Z + n) or (A = p + n)
what number of subatomic particles is atomic number ALWAYS equal to
the protons
where is atomic mass found on the periodic table
directly beneath the element’s symbol
where is atomic number on periodic table
the upper left
what purpose does atomic number serve
unique ID number for elements
which never changes, atomic number or atomic mass
atomic number NEVER changes
for which subatomic particle does the amount of never change
protons
what subatomic particle can isotopes of an element vary in
neutrons; therefore, mass number changes
isotope definition
elements that have the same number of protons and therefore the same atomic number, but a different number of neutrons which affects their mass number.
how to calculate atomic mass
sum of (fraction of isotope n) x (mass of isotope n)
what is natural abundance of isotopes
the measure of the average amount of a given isotope on Earth
why do protons not change?
if the proton changes, the atomic number changes, therefore, the element will become a different element
why is mass number different from weighted atomic mass number?
because weighted atomic mass # accounts for the natural abundance of isotopes, since isotopes have different masses, the weighted mass number is skewed by the mass number of the most abundant isotope
