Sturcture & Classification Of Bacteria

Question 1

What is a bacterium ?

Answer 1

Microscopic single celled organism of the kingdom Monera thick possesses a non-compartmentalized cell structure and a non membrane bound nucleus

Question 2

What is CONSORTIA

Answer 2

a useful survival technique of PROKARYOTES where they have an arrangement in which the physiological characteristics of different organisms contribute to the survival of the group as a a whole

Question 3

What is Quarom Sensing

Answer 3

Cell-to-cell communication to regulate the transcription of genes involved in diverse physiologic processes that ensure the production of one or more diffusible signal molecules termed AUTOINDUCERS/PHEROMONES that enable bacterium to monitor its own cell population density.

Question 4

Prokaryotes can exchange small pockets of genetic information carried on

Answer 4

Plasmids

*small & specialized genetic elements that are capable of self replication

Question 5

Concern ?

Answer 5

Carriage of genes that code for antibiotic resistance

Question 6

Mycoplasmas

Answer 6

Parasitic prokaryotes that have lost the ability to form a cell wall
Incorporate substantial qtty of cholesterol into cell membrane from the host

Question 7

Classification of prokaryotes

Answer 7

1) spore forming & non spore forming
2) lactose fermenting & non lactose fermenting
3) Gram negative & Gram positive

Question 8

Classify bacteria

Answer 8

*shape - bacilli & cocci
*O2 utilization- Aerobic & anaerobic
*locomotion - motile & non motile
*nutrition - fermenters & nonfermenters
*temperature preference - Psycrophiles(cold), Mesophiles (moderate heat), Thermophiles (heat loving)

Question 9

Where do prokaryote package their DNA

Answer 9

The nucleoid
*have no true nuclei

Question 10

Characteristics of prokaryote cell structure?

Answer 10

1) no true nuclei
2) absence of nuclear membrane/apparatus
3) lack autonomous plastids
4) have photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids, Bacterio chlorophyll)

Question 11

Prokaryotes distinguished from Eukaryotes by _

Answer 11

Presence of sterols
*except mycoplasmas that incorporate sterols such as cholesterol into their membrane

Question 12

Prokaryotic cell membrane functions

Answer 12

1) semipermeable
2) protein & isownzyme secretion
3) biosynthesis
4) electron transport
5) chemotaxic system

Question 13

What is responsible for the tensile strength of the cell wall

Answer 13

Murcin/mucopeptide/peptidoglycan

Question 14

_ is responsible for the non specific endotoxin activity of gram negative bacteria

Answer 14

Lipopolysaccharide of Gram Negative cell wall

Question 15

Who invented the Gram Staining procedure

Answer 15

Hans Christian Gram

Question 16

What is used to wash bacteria in Gram stain

Answer 16

Alcohol or Acetone

Question 17

_ cell wall takes up more of the primary stain

Answer 17

GPB cell wall

Question 18

_ cell wall takes up more of the primary stain

Answer 18

GPB cell wall

Question 19

Quorum sensing ?

Answer 19

A cell-to-cell communication to regulate the transcription of genes involved in diverse physiologic processes that ensure the production of one or more diffusible signal molecules termed autoinducers or pheromones that enable bacterium to monitor its own cell population density.

Question 20

Prokaryotes have the ability to exchange small pockets of genetic information carried on _

Answer 20

Plasmids (small, specialized genetic elements capable of self-replicable)