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Neurology > Stupor and coma(Bradley) > Flashcards

Stupor and coma(Bradley) Flashcards

1
Q

Nystagmus in comatose patients

A

supratentorial epileptogenic focus

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2
Q

Cause of typical ocular bobbing

A

pontine lesions

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3
Q

Cause of ocular dipping

A

diffuse cerebral damage

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4
Q

ocular palatal myoclonus

A

damage to Guillain-Mollaret triangle

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5
Q

Guillain-Mollaret triangle

A

dentate nucleus
red nucleus
inferior olive

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6
Q

simultaneous b/l cold water application results in

A

tonic downward deviation

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7
Q

ocular reflex seen in PVS

A

reflex opening of both eyes triggered by flexion

of an arm at the elbow

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8
Q

External rotation of lower limb is a sign of

A

hemiplegia

hip#

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9
Q

cerebellar fits

A

decreased arousal
opisthotonus
respiratory rate slowing and irregularity
pupillary dilatation

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10
Q

Cause of cerebellar fits

A

intermittent tonsillar herniation

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11
Q

exceptions to rostrocaudal progression of herniation syndrome

A

ventricular bleed

LP

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12
Q

Earlier signs of potential herniation

A

decreased arousal
slight change in depth or rate of respiration
appearance of babinski sign

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13
Q

Structural causes of coma that exhibit slow progression

A

vasculitis
Leukoencephalopathy
tumors

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14
Q

Metabolic causes of papilledema

A

hypoparathyroidism
lead intoxication
malignant hypertension

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15
Q

Metabolic coma causing dilated unreactive pupils

A

methyl alcohol

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16
Q

metabolic causes of fixed pupils

A

hypothermia

barbiturate intoxication

17
Q

metabolic causes affecting reflex eye movements

A

deep metabolic coma
phenytoin
phenobarbital intoxication

18
Q

Structural causes mimicking metabolic coma

A 
subarachnoid hemorrhage
sinus vein thrombosis
chronic or b/l SDH
vasculitis
demyelinating diseases
meningitis
19
Q

Metabolic causes mimicking structural coma

A 
hypoglycemia
hyponatremia
barbiturate poisoning
lead poisoning
hepatic encephalopathy

Neurology (2 decks)

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