Stuff to memorize

Question 1

Source of histamine?

Answer 1

Mast cells, basophils, platelets

Question 2

Source of prostaglandins?

Answer 2

Mast cells, leukocytes

Question 3

Source of leukotrienes?

Answer 3

Mast cells, leukocytes

Question 4

Source of Cytokines?

Answer 4

Mfs, endothelial cells, mast cells

Question 5

Source of chemokines?

Answer 5

Leukocytes, activated Mfs

Question 6

Source of platelet-activating factor?

Answer 6

Leukocytes, mast cells

Question 7

Source of complement proteins?

Answer 7

Plasma (liver)

Question 8

Source of kinins?

Answer 8

Plasma (liver)

Question 9

Action of histamine?

Answer 9

Vasodilation, increased vasc. perm., endothelial activation

Question 10

Action of PGs?

Answer 10

Vasodilation, fever, pain

Question 11

Action of leukotrienes?

Answer 11

Increased vasc. perm., chemotaxis, leukocyte adhesion/activation

Question 12

Action of CKs?

Answer 12

Local: endothelial activation (expression of adhesion molecules)
Systemic: fever, metabolic abnormalities, hypotension (shock)

Question 13

Action of chemokines?

Answer 13

Chemotaxis, leukocyte activation

Question 14

Action of PAF?

Answer 14

Vasodilation, increased vasc. perm., leukocyte activation, chemotaxis, degranulation, oxidative burst

Question 15

Action of complement?

Answer 15

Leukocyte chemotaxis/activation, direct target killing (MAC), vasodilation (mast cell stim.)

Question 16

Action of kinins?

Answer 16

Increased vasc. perm., smooth muscle contraction, vasodilation, pain

Question 17

Source of TNF?

Answer 17

Mfs, mast cells, T lymphocytes

Question 18

Actions of TNF?

Answer 18

Expression of endothelial adhesion molecules/secretion of other CKs + systemic effects

Question 19

Source of IL-1?

Answer 19

Mfs, endothelial cells, epithelial cells

Question 20

Action of IL-1?

Answer 20

Similar to TNF, but greater role in FEVER

Question 21

Source of IL-6?

Answer 21

Mfs, other cells

Question 22

Action of IL-6?

Answer 22

Acute phase response (systemic)

Question 23

Source of chemokines?

Answer 23

Mfs, endothelial cells, T lymphocytes, mast cells, other cells

Question 24

Action of chemokines?

Answer 24

Recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, migration of cells in normal tissues

Question 25

Source of IL-17?

Answer 25

T lymphocytes

Question 26

Action of IL-17?

Answer 26

Recruitment of neutrophils (acute)/monocytes (chronic)

Question 27

Source of IL-12?

Answer 27

Dendritic cells, Mfs

Question 28

Action of IL-12?

Answer 28

Production of IFN-gamma

Question 29

Source of IFN-gamma?

Answer 29

T lymphocytes, NK cells

Question 30

Action of IFN-gamma?

Answer 30

Activation of Mfs (increased ability to kill microbes and tumor cells)

Question 31

Mediators of inflammation?

Answer 31

Histamine, PGs

Question 32

Mediators of increased vasc. perm?

Answer 32

Histamine/serotonin, C3a, C5a (via mast cells), LTC4/D4/E4

Question 33

Mediators of chemotaxis/leukocyte recruitment/act.?

Answer 33

TNF/IL-1, chemokines, C3a, C5a, LTB4

Question 34

Mediators of fever?

Answer 34

IL-1, TNF, PGs

Question 35

Mediators of pain?

Answer 35

PGs, bradykinin

Question 36

Mediators of tissue damage?

Answer 36

Lysosomal enzymes of leukocytes, ROS

Question 37

Products of Th1?

Answer 37

IFN-gamma, IL-2

Question 38

Products of Th2?

Answer 38

IL-4, -5, -13

Question 39

Products of Th17?

Answer 39

IL-17, IL-22

Question 40

Components of Acute Phase Response?

Answer 40

Fever, Acute phase reactants, leukocytosis