Stuff from Lecture Flashcards
What is important to remember about salts and ionic compounds?
Salt = ionic compound. Both mean the same thing.
What essentially happens during a neutralization reaction?
An acids reacts with a base to form a salt.
What colors does litmus change to, and under what conditions?
Litmus turns red in acidic solutions, and blue in basic solutions
What general term describes a substance that in general reacts with many metal ions to form precipitates?
bases
What general term describes a substance that in general reacts with carbonates to form carbon dioxide?
acids
What general term describes a substance that in general reacts with active metals to form hydrogen gas (diatomic)
acids
Give my mnemonic for knowing the definition of Lewis acids & bases.
Acids - electron pair Acceptor (a for acceptor)
Bases - electron pair bestower/benefactor (b for bestower)
What is a carboxyl group?
-COOH
What technically is an organic amine?
An organic base of form R3N – R can be hydrogen or an alkyl group (-CH3, -CH2CH3, etc.)
Non-metal ______ are _______ anhydrides
oxides; acid
Metal oxides are _________________
base anhydrides
Give the “chemical reaction” for acid-base indicators in general and mention the stability of the indicator form.
HIn + H2O H3O+ + In-
LHS: stable in lower pH
(think equilibrum [Le Chateliers])
RHS: stable in higher pH
What do compounds of high covalent character contain?
Only nonmetals and no polyatomic ions
What are binary acids?
Compounds containing H+ and a simple anion
What are oxo acids?
Compounds containing H+ and a polyatomic anion
We can have 100% _________ compounds but NOT 100% _________ compounds
covalent; ionic
What is the value and symbol of Avogadro’s number that I personally want to memorize?
6.022141 * 10^23, Symbols include: N_A and L (N and L are in italics, not A)
What electron configuration “exception elements” do I need to know?
24-Cr, 42-Mo
29-Cu, 47-Ag, 79-Au
Atoms form chemical bonds to do what?
To achieve a more stable electron configuration.
