stuff

Question 1

abolitionists

Answer 1

people who were strongly opposed to slavery in the US and believed that all slaves should be freed

Question 2

Charles Francis, Sr. Adams

Answer 2

President Lincoln’s Ambassador to Great Britain during the Civil War who warned Europeans to not interfere. Britain remained neutral and other European countries (France) etc. followed its lead

Question 3

John Adams

Answer 3

Federalist and second president of the US

Question 4

American Society for Promotion of Temperance

Answer 4

a group organized in 1826 that advocated the abstinence of intoxicating liquors; strongly supported by Protestants; strongly opposed by new Catholic immigrants

Question 5

Antifederalists

Answer 5

those opposing the Constitution in the struggle over its ratification

Question 6

Benedict Arnold

Answer 6

A general who served brilliantly with the American army in the War of Independence, but then later joined the British and led their troops against the Americans (traitor)

Question 7

John Jacob Astor

Answer 7

the first American millionaire - made his money from the profits of the American Fur Company after establishing a fur post at the mouth of the Columbia River. Challenged British claim to the northwest and lobbied Congress to pass trade restrictions against British furs.

Question 8

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

Answer 8

A Spanish conquistador who, in 1513, crossed the Isthmus of Panama and became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean

Question 9

W.W. Belknap

Answer 9

President Grant’s Secretary of War, who accepted bribes from corrupt agents involved in his department’s administration of Indian Affairs.

Question 10

Daniel Boone

Answer 10

A frontiersman who explored parts of the western trans-Appalachian frontier

Question 11

John cabot

Answer 11

Sponsored by king of England in search of a Northwest Passage. In 1497, became first European since Viking voyages more than four centuries earlier to reach the mainland of North America. Claimed for England

Question 12

John C. Calhoun

Answer 12

a South Carolina Representative in the House, a South Carolina Senator, Vice President in the Adams administration, and Secretary of State in the Tyler administration

Question 13

Carpetbaggers

Answer 13

The Southern name for Northerners who came to the South to participate in Reconstruction governments

Question 14

Jacques Cartier

Answer 14

Authorized by king of France. Led three expeditions (1534-1542) to the area of the St. Lawrence River as far as Montreal, which he believed might be the Northwest Passage

Question 15

Chattel

Answer 15

Lifelong slaves who status was inherited by their children

Question 16

Henry Clay

Answer 16

Speaker of the House of Representatives who formulated a package that both the House and the Senate could accept regarding the admission of Missouri as a state in the Union

Question 17

conquistadores

Answer 17

independent Spanish adventurers who led the powerful Spanish army to conquer the Americas for Spain

Question 18

Copperheads

Answer 18

Northerners who opposed the war and denounced Lincoln as a tyrant and would-be dictator

Question 19

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Answer 19

The British General who first served under General William Howe and later continued the Southern Campaign.

Question 20

Vasquez de Coronado

Answer 20

a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition (1540-1542) from Mexico, north across the Rio Grande and through New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas; he and some of his men were the first Europeans to see the Grand Canyon.

Question 21

Hernando Cortes

Answer 21

A Spanish conquistador who, in 1519, led a dramatic expedition against the Aztecs of Mexico that destroyed the Aztec empire and won enormous riches for Spain

Question 22

Crackers (also called sandhillers)

Answer 22

Second half of 19th century. Around half a million white, underclass Southerners who lived on the edge of the agrarian economy in varying degrees of poverty. Sometimes in conditions worse than slaves; occupied barren soils of the red hills or sandy bottoms

Question 23

Jefferson Davis

Answer 23

the U.S. senator from Mississippi who was elected president of the Confederate States of America.

Question 24

William Dawes

Answer 24

a dispatch rider who spread the news through the countryside of the movement of General Gage’s troops on their way to destroy a reported stockpile of colonial arms and ammunition in Concord

Question 25

Hernando de Soto

Answer 25

a Spanish conquistador who led a 600-man expedition (1539-1541) through what is now the southeastern US, going as far west as Oklahoma and discovering the Mississippi River

Question 26

Doughface President

Answer 26

A president who is a Northern man with Southern principles, President Franklin Pierce being the first

Question 27

Frederick Douglass

Answer 27

a former slave who had escaped from his Maryland owner, became a fiery orator for the abolitionist movement, and published his own newspaper, “The North Star.”

Question 28

Francis Drake

Answer 28

an English sea captain who sailed around South America and raided Spanish settlements on the Pacific coast of Central America before continuing north to California, which he claimed for England

Question 29

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Answer 29

a mid 19th century American essayist and lecturer who authored “Nature and Self-Reliance.”

Question 30

Federalists

Answer 30

THOSE FAVORING THE CONSTITUTION in the struggle over its ratification; after the formation of the U.S. government, members of one of two political parties, led by Alexander Hamilton, who favored a strong central government and interpreted the Constitution as having vested extensive powers in the federal government

Question 31

forty-niners

Answer 31

minders who moved to California in 1849 in search of gold

Question 32

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 32

the most notable Enlightenment man in America, whose renown spread to Europe, due to both the wit and wisdom of his “Poor Richard’s Almanac” and his scientific experiments

Question 33

Freedman’s Bureau

Answer 33

an agency created by Congress in 1865 to provide food, clothing, and education, and generally look after the interests of former slaves

Question 34

John C. Fremont

Answer 34

the Republican nominee for president in 1856 who was a former officer in the army’s Cors of Topographical Engineers and was known as “the Pathfinder” because of his explorations in the Rockies and the Far West; he carried most of the Northern states and was narrowly defeated, thereby making clear that the Republicans, not the Know-Nothings, would replace the Whigs as the other major party, along with the Democrats

Question 35

Sir Humphrey Gilbert

Answer 35

An English nobleman who obtained a charter in 1578 that allowed him to found a colony in North America with his own funds and guarantee prospective colonists all the rights of those born and residing in England, thus setting an important precedent for future colonial charters

Question 36

General Ulysses S. Grant

Answer 36

first, the overall commander of Union forces in the West. Then, the commander of all Union armies, and then the president of the US.

Question 37

Nathaniel Greene

Answer 37

General George Washington’s most able to subordinate, whose brilliant strategy led to a crushing victory over teh British at Cowpens, South Carolina, and a near-victory at Guilford Court House, North Carolina, in 1781.

Question 38

George Grenville

Answer 38

The strongly anti-American Prime Minister of Great Britain. Took office in 1763. Set out to solve some of the empire’s more pressing problems, including the large national debt and the cost of defending the American frontier.

Question 39

guerrilla bands

Answer 39

American militia that again gained control of areas in the South after the British army left. Able to deal with those who had expressed loyalty to Britain in the presence of Cornwallis’s army

Question 40

William Henry Harrison

Answer 40

an American general who destroyed Tecumseh’s village on Tippecanoe Creek. Dashed his hopes for an Indian confederacy. Invaded Canada in 1813 and defeated a combo of British and Indian forces at the Battle of Thames. 1840 - elected 9th president of the US. Died a month after inauguration, serving shortest term in presidential history.

Question 41

Patrick Henry

Answer 41

a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses who introduced the several resolutions denouncing Stamp Act, denying Parliament’s authority to tax the colonies, four of which were passed.

Question 42

Hessians

Answer 42

The name given by the colonists to troops from various German principalities that were hired by the British to supplement their own army

Question 43

house servants

Answer 43

black slaves. usually considered most favored since they were spared the hardest physical labor and enjoyed the most intimate relationship with the owner’s family

Question 44

Sam Houston

Answer 44

elected as president of the Republic of Texas in 1836 and the leader of the Texas troops who defeated Mexican dictator Santa Anna at San Jacinto that same year, forcing the Mexicans to let Texas go its own way

Question 45

Richard Howe

Answer 45

brother of General William Howe. British naval commander in the War of Independence.

Question 46

Henry Hudson

Answer 46

an Englishman who was sent by Holland in 1609 to explore North America in search of a Northwest Passage and who discovered the Hudson River.

Question 47

Huguenots

Answer 47

French Protestants who attempted to escape persecution in Catholic France by settling in the New World

Question 48

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 48

a dissident who openly taught things contrary to Puritan doctrine. Banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1638, she had her followers founded settlement of Portsmouth near Narragansett Bay.

Question 49

Washington Irving

Answer 49

(1783-1859) the best-known American writer of his time who excelled in telling folk tales and local color stories

Question 50

Andrew Jackson

Answer 50

a general in the War of 1812. An unsuccessful presidential candidate in 1824. Elected as president in 1828. Popular with the common man. Used his house to dominate his party and the government.

Question 51

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 51

The author of the “Declaration of Independence.” Later, an influential member of the Republican Party and the second vice president of the US.

Question 52

John Paul Jones

Answer 52

the most famous American naval leader during the War of Independence who captured ships and carried out audacious raids even along the coast of Britain itself.

Question 53

King Philip (Metacomet)

Answer 53

a Wampanoag chief who led a war in 1675 to exterminate the whites in New England

Question 54

Kitchen Cabinet

Answer 54

a group of partisan supporters who-instead of the appointed cabinet members-had the ear and the confidence of President Andrew Jackson

Question 55

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 55

a group of Southerners who used violence to intimidate blacks and white Republicans out of voting for Reconstruction government

Question 56

General Rober E. Lee

Answer 56

overall commander of the Confederate army

Question 57

Lewis and Clark

Answer 57

the two men authorized by President Jefferson to lead an expedition to explore the Western territory to the Pacific; with forty-eight men and a guide named Sacagawea, they left St. Louis in 1804, and returned two years later with a wealth of scientific and anthropological information, having strengthened the US’s claim to the Oregon territory

Question 58

Liberal Republicans

Answer 58

a faction of the Republican Party that favored hard money and a laissez-faire approach to economic issues

Question 59

John Locke

Answer 59

a major English political philosopher of the Enlightenment

Question 60

Loyalists

Answer 60

American colonists who supported Great Britain and its rule of the colonies

Question 61

James Madison

Answer 61

“the father of the Constitution” and the fourth president of the US

Question 62

John Marshall

Answer 62

the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court and a Federalist, appointed early in 1801

Question 63

James Monroe

Answer 63

the last of the “Virginia Dynasty,” the president who was handpicked by the retiring President Madison and elected in 1816 with only one electoral vote opposed, a symbol of national unity