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7th grade history > Stuff > Flashcards

Stuff Flashcards

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1
Q

What is government?

A

*Government is any group of people living together in a country, state city, or local community that have to live by certain rules
*EX: Democracy (Direct and Representative) ,oligarchy, Autocracy(Monarchy,Dictatorship, Dynasty), Anarchy, Theocracy, are all parts of Government.

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2
Q

What is democracy?

A

*In a democracy citizens, hold the power
*EX: the atheans had the first democracy

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3
Q

What is direct?

A

*There are no representatives, citizens who are directly involved in governing the country.
*EX: The Athens had a direct democracy

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4
Q

What is representative

A

Citizens elect their leaders to represent their interests and rights in government. If they do not like the way they lead then they can vote for a new one.
*EX:The U.S. has a representative just like when we have the president but we vote a new one every 4 years.

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5
Q

What is oligarchy?

A

A small group of people that has all the power In Greek means “rule by a few”.Sometimes a certain group has political Rights, such as members of One political party, one social class, or One race.
*EX:A junta is a small group of people usually Military Officers who rule a country after taking over by force

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6
Q

What is autocracy?

A

In a government in which one person has all the power there are two types of autocracy: a monarchy and a dictatorship.
EX: North Korea has a dictatorship and Saudi Arabia has a monarchy.

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7
Q

What is monarchy?

A

A king or queen rules the country and they are known as a monarch. They are also known as a country’s constitution.
EX: The UK

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8
Q

What is dictatorship?

A

A form of government, where one leader has absolute control over citizens lives but they do not represent citizens.
EX: North Kor

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9
Q

What is anarchy?

A

Nobody is in control,no countries have this form of government because this would allow people to be free and not have any rules .
EX: no country has this type of government

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10
Q

What is theocracy?

A

A government that recognizes God, or a divine being as the ultimate authority,”Theo” is a Greek word that means god.
theocracy can also be democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, or just about any other kind of government .
EX: Islamic law

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11
Q

What is a tribe

A

A tribe. It is a collection of families usually lead by a male, but sometimes led by a female.tribes are social groups of many families, Clans, or Generations that share the same language, Customs, and beliefs.

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12
Q

What is matriarchal?

A

When a female leads a tribe

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13
Q

What is patriarchal?

A

When a tribe is led by a male

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14
Q

What is BC?

A

*Before Christ
*EX: 10 BC= 10 years before Christ
*years BC count backwards
*placed after the number

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15
Q

What is BCE?

A

BC replaced by BCE “before common era”

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16
Q

What is AD?

A

*“Ano domini” “year of our lord” for an event, after Jesus birth
*EX: AD 800= Ano domini 800

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17
Q

What is CE?

A

*AD replaced by CE “common era”
*CE and BCE are placed after the number

18
Q

What is Buddhism

A

the ancient religion of Buddhism originated in India 500 BCE and first came to China during the Han Dynasty,very few Chinese practiced it until the period of disunion,many people took Comfort into Buddha’s beliefs and teachings which emphasize finding their inner peace and escaping suffering.

19
Q

what is Confucianism

A

a set of beliefs based on the teachings of cunfuscious

20
Q

What is the sui dynasty

A

after hundreds of years of political confusion sm and disunity in China the man who is known for reuniting China under one rule was Yang Jain. he became the leader in 581 and in 589 he conquered Southern China. This established the sui Dynasty.
Accomplishments:
* created a new capital city
* repaired portions of the Great Wall of China in North that had been destroyed
* reduce taxes for the peasants
* conducted a census to make sure taxes were collected fairly
* insured every male who was eligible to be taxed received a piece of land

21
Q

What was the period of disunion

A

*When the Han Dynasty collapsed in 220 CE 20 another Dynasty would not take hold for another 360 years instead China broke up to separate kingdoms
* nomadic tribes ruled the north whereas brief dynasties ruled the South
* this time period was characterized by this Unity, conflict, and Chaos as rival groups try to gain power
* no matter people blending their culture and lifestyle with Chinese in the North, Northern Chinese fled the South to avoid the nomadic Invaders
* new types of art and music developed in addition to new foods and clothing styles.

22
Q

what is hierarchy

A

a hierarchy of power was established in these kingdoms to bring order and protection to the society period each level provided loyalty to the level above and in return for a piece of land and protection from Invaders.

23
Q

What is feudalism

A

when the mighty Empire collapsed a new form of government would eventually establish itself called feudalism

24
Q

What were the middle ages

A

the Middle Ages lasted from 500 CE to about 1500 CE it is named this because it falls in the middle of ancient times in the modern times period this time period also referred as a medieval period which comes in the Latin word middle age.

25
Q

What is Christianity

A

Christians believe that Jesus is the son of God and God set him to save people from their sins period Christians were persecuted by the Romans but by the 300s Christians were allowed to practice their religion freely.the Roman Empire was the Christian religion.

26
Q

What is a knight

A

a vassal was a night or Lord who promised loyalty and support to the Lord or King above him in exchange for his loyalty he was provided with a piece of land.

27
Q

What is a serf

A

peasants also known as surfs who owns no land but work the land owned by The Nobles and knights were given protection on the manor

28
Q

What are mongols

A

*Mongols were Central Asian people who lived in the extensive Northeastern Highland region of Great plateau and Central Asia and what is now Mongolia and Northern China.
*the Mongols were originally a tribe, A Tribe has social relationships where families are bound together by shared beliefs language and customs,they were Nomads who were herders.
*the harsh Winters in northeastern Highlands forced them to move South into Western Zia.
*The mongols had the silk road which connected from Europe to china and traded objects and ideas but became very unsafe because of the black death.

29
Q

What is a yassa

A

one of the reasons Genghis Khan was so successful was due to the laws he enacted over his people these laws were called the yassa. The laws were strict and unforgiving. The laws demanded complete obedience to Genghis Khan Unity of all tribes under his authority and Punishment without Mercy for those who disobeyed.

30
Q

Who is Yang Jian

A

Yang Jane was known for reuniting China under one rule again
* Yang Jane become the leader of northern China in 581 and in 589 he conquered Southern China
* he was the one who established what was known as the suede Dynasty
* accomplishments

  • created a new capital city
  • repaired portions of the Great Wall of China and North that had been destroyed
  • reduced taxes for the peasants
  • conducted a census to make sure taxes were collected fairly
  • ensured every male who is eligible to be tax received a piece of land
31
Q

Who is Genghis Khan

A
  • Genghis Khan or temujin was born in the Gabi desert in a yard and his father was the Chieftain over several Mongol tribes
  • the Mongols were a patreonical society so naturally temujin would take over his father’s position but another Chief rose up and called himself the chief and Genghis Khan was able to escape by hiding up to his chin in a river
  • gang is console games followers for his respect and strength because he could survive by himself in the highlands on his own*
  • no tribe or other people thus far able to stand in his way and his might spread across the globe
  • Genghis Khan was so successful due to the laws one and one of his laws was called the yassa this was a very strict and unforgiving law that demanded complete obedience under his authority and the punishment had no mercy which disciplined his people and made them successful Warriors
  • success on the battlefield was all that mattered to him
32
Q

Who is Kublai Khan

A

*Kublai Khan move the centers of the powers out of Mongolians to China in the mid-12,000 and rested his capital city just outside of what is now today Beijing
* he United all China through conquest and acquisition until in 1279 he conquered the southern Song Dynasty
* he rebuilt the Region’s Concord and expanded trade routes throughout Asia and Europe
* but many Mongols were angry with cubic on for forsaking their own traditions and accused him of being too closely tied to Chinese culture

33
Q

Who is Babur

A
  • descendant of gang’s khan
    *founded the mughal empire and was a devout Islam
    *took the throne when he was 12 but he struggled to maintain land that was Concord
    *after losing a lot of land he set his mind on India but still had a hard time but then had a big victory called the battle of Khanwa which made him the ruler over north India.
34
Q

Who is Akbar

A

*Akbar greatly expanding the Empire and secure the throne during the height of Mughal Dynasty.
* India was very difficult to rule because there were many different custom traditions and languages throughout the empire so there was not a particular idea or belief that link people together.
* the majority of citizens practice Hinduism
*the ability to maintain control of his Empire was due to both his cunning military strategy as well as the ability to earn loyalty of his conquered people
* he did not force his people to convert to Islam and here abolished the tax system that had been placed on non-muslims translated Hindu literature and even participated in Hindu events and festivals

35
Q

Who is Jahangir

A

*he unsuccessfully revolted against Akbar in 1599 ultimately some historians believe that poisoned his father in order to gain succession
* he became the next musical emperor
*he was considered to be the Mughal emperor who had the most significant role in development of both European and Persian Arts.
* is most famous for establishing the golden chain of Justice
* he was also well known for his imperfections, he was an alcoholic, opium drug user, and Infamous for acts of brutally inflicted on Sikhs

36
Q

Who is Shah Jahan

A

Shah Jahan was mostly famous for his construction of the Taj Mahal a tomb built in the 1600s for his wife

37
Q

Who is Aurangzeb

A
  • aunagzeb was the last great ruler over the mughal Empire
  • he was zealous follower of Islam and was extremely intolerant of other religions within the empire, this led to significant tension in the rise of civil disobedience
    *under aurangzeb India became the most wealthy Empire in the world surpassing every European and Asian government
  • he attempted to force conversation to Islam upon the majority Hindu population what was not angered the citizenry but caused them to Rebel
  • he was expelled from India when he attempted to Stage the Mutiny against British control.
38
Q

what are mughals

A

*the musical Empire lasted from 1526 to 1857
* mughal founder was a man named Babur who was a descendant of a Genghis Khan and kept many aspects of Mongol culture
*Babur was able to maintain strip control over the Empire by having harsh rules and also having the wealth of India’s Gold and Silver Mines.

39
Q

what is the taj mahal

A

a tomb built in the 1600s as a Muslim for his wife. the Taj Mahal brought together the Indian Persian and Islamic architectural style

40
Q

what are checks and balances

A

in order to restrict politicians from getting to powerful they had what was known as system of checks and balances period this prevents any part of a government from becoming stronger and more influential than another.

41
Q

What is veto

A

in Latin it means I forbid
example: assemblies and tributes had the ability to reject laws

7th grade history (2 decks)

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