Study Guide Test #1 Flashcards
Describe the characteristics that make crises unique in our time (compared to ages past)
Information:
- Immediate, graphic, and detailed new about tragedies.
- Access to material that motivates and even instructs violence.
Technology:
-Leading to extreme, rapid, cruel, and mass violence
Describe why we must be ready to minister to those in crisis.
- We reflect God’s character
- We imitate Jesus ministry
- We carry out Biblical instruction
- We find opportunities to reach nonbelievers
Identify and describe the “trilogy definition” of crisis.
“A life event that an individual perceives stressful to the extent that normal coping mechanisms are insufficient.” 1) Precipitating event 2) The perception of that event that causes subjective distress 3) Lowered Functioning
Describe Kanel’s formula for increasing functioning in a crisis.
1) Change perception
2) Decrease Subjective Distress
3) Increase functioning
Identify the basic meaning of the Chinese and Greek words for crisis.
Chinese: Danger & Opportunity
Greek: To judge or decide
List and describe the various material, personal, and social resources that are helpful to cope with in a crisis.
Material: Money
Personal: Ego strength, Certain personality strengths, physical well-being, level of intelligence and education
Social:
Describe and distinguish between the different types of crises (developmental, traumatic, etc)
Developmental: Usually natural/expected. May not be easily recognizable.
Situational: Usually more sudden/unexpected, less control. Natural disaster vs. man made.
Existential and Spiritual: Sometimes in the wake of other crises.
Interpersonal Crises:
Psychiatric Crises: Can either trigger or follow other crises.
Summarize in your own words several of the important elements in a Christian perspective of crisis.
Being a Christian does not exempt us from crisis, in fact some seem necessary. A crisis isn’t a crisis to God. He doesn’t panic. He is always in control. God comforts and promises to be present. A crisis will not last forever. Hope is resident in crisis.
List the unique resources Christians have in dealing with crisis.
The Character of God The direction of the Bible The power of Prayer The comfort of the Holy Spirit The support of the Church
Describe some of the emotions felt during a crisis.
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Describe the milestones in the history of crisis intervention.
Coconut Grove Fire of 1942: Almost 500 people died. Dr Eric Lindemann treated many survivors who lost loved ones. Documented common reactions/responses/needs. Developed idea of “normal” grief reaction. Promoted idea of volunteer/community caretakers
Wellesley Project: Lindermann & Gerald Caplan. Communitywide services to women suffering from complications or losses in childbirth. Baby Boom, thalidomide, etc.
Community Health Center Act: Many large state hospitals shut down
Match the major theoretical modalities with their contributions with their contributions to crisis intervention.
Psycoanalytic Theory: psychic energy is finite, only a limited amount exists for each person. Helps explain disequillibrium people feel when psychological energy is depleted. Helps explain why people with personality disorders, neurosis, and psychosis react poorly in a crisis.
Existential: Anxiety as normal/essential. Finding meaning and purpose in suffering.
Humanistic: Optimism and hope for growth. Emphasis of the Big Three. Contribution of reflective and empathetic techniques.
Cognitive-Behavioral Theories: Focus on perceptions, thoughts, beliefs about the event.
Family Systems Theory: Roles, rules, communication patterns, etc. Family Structure (adaptability and cohesion)
Describe the basic elements involved in trauma.
- Results from a specific event or set of events.
- Not a part of general or normal human functioning
- Overwhelms normal coping mechanisms
- Tends to produce a set of symptoms.
Distinguish between type I and type II traumas.
Type I is a single event trauma.
Type II is a multiple event trauma.
Identify the various symptoms of trauma.
Cognitive: Difficulty concentrating/easily distracted, flashbacks (vivid movies or snapshots, almost always unwanted or intrusive), reacting to similar circumstances, guilt, futurelessness, altered world view
Emotional: Numbness, Anger, Sadness, Depression, Hypervigilence.
Behavioral: Sleeping and Eating disturbances, trouble with routine tasks, trouble managing risks.
Spiritual: Questioning God’s existence, Questioning God’s character, Anger at God, Difficulty with Religious Activities.
Relational: Withdrawal, difficulty being alone, relationship strain.