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Rehab Principles > Study Guide Review > Flashcards

Study Guide Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Sprain/Strain Grading system

A

A grading system used to categorize strains and sprains from grade 1-4

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2
Q

Grade 1 strain/sprain

A

Tearing of less then 50%

  • minimal pain and swelling
  • minimal loss of function
  • ecchymosis unusual
  • no difficulty weight bearing

2-4 weeks for return to full activity

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3
Q

Grade 2 strain/sprain

A 
Tearing of more then 50% of tissue fibers
-Moderate pain and swelling
- some loss of function
- ecchymosis common
- difficulty weight bearing 
6-8 weeks for full recovery
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4
Q

Grade 3 strain/sprain

A 
Complete tear
- severe pain and swelling
-significant loss of function
-ecchymosis present
-difficulty weight bearing almost always
12-6 months for full recovery
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5
Q

-Grade 4 sprain/strain

A

Complete tear with separation occurring at ligament attachment to bone or the muscle

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6
Q

Phase 1

A

Inflammatory/acute
-48-72h to heal
Torn tissues leak blood into area
-this causes swelling and irritation
-key to controlling phase 1 is controlling inflammation
-therapy to reduce swelling is key
-early movement with minimal weight bearing recommended
-SHARP cardinal signs present
-platelets come into area with increased vasodialation and begin coagulation of blood preventing blood loss

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7
Q

Phase 2

A

Repair/ Subacute
72hours -6 weeks
- tissues regain functional strength
- increases in aerobic exercise, stretching, and strength training are gradually employed

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8
Q

Phase 3

A

Remodelling/ Chronic

  • longest of the three phases
  • starts around 6 weeks to 2 years
  • the body redirects the healing fibers to increase strength and orient the tissue fibers along the lines of greatest stress
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9
Q

What are the goals of soft tissue mobilization?

A
  • reduction of edema
  • increase local blood flow
  • decrease muscle soreness
  • prevent adhesions
  • reduce pain
  • eliminate mayo fasciae trigger points
  • facilitation of relaxation, reduction of spasms
  • restore balance
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10
Q

Contraindications to soft tissue mobilization

A

-acute inflammation
-acute circulatory disturbance
Acute dermatological problem
-fever
-local infection
-local malignancy
-new burns
-potential embolus
-abdominal tumor

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11
Q

8 part basic low back rehab

A
  1. Neutral pelvis, abdominal bracing, hip hinging
  2. Directional preference
  3. Posture and strength training
  4. Return to activity
  5. Floor exercises to reprogram stability
  6. Weight bearing exercisies
    7 balance large global muscles
  7. Proprioceptive training
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12
Q

Neutral pelvis, abdominal bracing, hip hinging

A

Given as soon as possible
Expected to throughout the day in various positions
Hip hinge to avoid end range loading

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13
Q

Directional preference

A

Exercises and advice to modify ant directional preference

-taught to modify activities to prevent loads in the direction of any mechanical sensitivities

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14
Q

Posture and breath training

A

Assess and address inefficient posture and breathing patterns

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15
Q

Return to activity

A

Back to work and daily activities

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16
Q

Floor exercises

A

Exercises in multiple body positions in a non weight bearing environment
Quadruped
Dead bug
Side bridge

17
Q

Weight bearing exercises

A

Double and single leg squats, lunges, to build endurance and coordination of antigravity muscles

Further expertises modeled after patients work or recreational demands

18
Q

Balance large global muscles

A

Street has tight muscles
Activate inhibited muscles
Build endurance
Asses

19
Q

Proprioceptive/ balance training

A

Excersises on unstable surface

20
Q

Postural muscles

A

Skeletal muscles that have a higher predominance type 1 fibers and are therefore resistant to fatigue

They have a tendency to shorten and tighten when chronologically stressed and or injured

21
Q

Phasic muscles

A

Skeletal muscles that have a higher predominance of type 2 fibers and therefore are functionally utilized for QUICK MOVEMENTS AND SHORT BURSTS OF ACTIVITY

Have tendency to lengthen and weaken when weakened

22
Q

Postural muscles of the trunk

A 
CQSS
Cervical and lumbar erectors
QL
Scalenes
SCM
23
Q

Postrual Muscles of shoulder

A 
PLUB
Pecs
Lavatory scalp
Upper traps
Bicep brachii
24
Q

Phasic muscles of trunk

A

M. LC
Mid thoracic errectors
Longus capitus

25
Q

Phasic muscles of shoulder girdle

A 
RMLT
Rhomboids
Middle traps
Lower traps
Triceps bracii

Rehab Principles (1 decks)

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