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Ch/adult psychopathology (643) > Study Guide: Exam 1 > Flashcards

Study Guide: Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

List the pros of classification systems within the DSM.

A
  • Reliability (consistency): improves validity
  • Allows you to match treatment with the disorder
  • Improves communication of disorders
  • Required by insurance/Managed Care Agencies
  • Allows attribution of problems: A comfort to client’s because the disorder is known
  • Assists research into disorders
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2
Q

List the cons of classification system within the DSM.

A
  • Overlabeling
  • Stigma of DX
  • Not every problem fits into a category
  • Permanency of labels –> labels are permanent
  • Political aspects (Homosexuality was a disorder mostly for political reasons)
  • Emphasizes problems rather than strengths
  • Poor reliability
  • Locates the problem in the individual
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3
Q

List the treatment recommendations for the Intake Summary

A
  • Address your plans for treatment
  • What symptoms/problems will be targeted
  • Areas for further exploration
  • Medical issues needing to be addressed
  • List specific goals for treatment (IMPORTANT)
  • Estimate duration of treatment (IMPORTANT)
  • Always sign it at the end of the document (IMPORTANT)
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4
Q

Define Mood.

A
  • Pervasive and sustained emotion
    • i.e. The climate (weather)
  • normal, depressed, irritable, anxious
  • Can’t observe mood!
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5
Q

Define Affect.

A
  • Emotional expression during the interview
    • (today’s weather)
  • normal, labile (mood swings), blunted not a lot of emotion), expansive( all big emotions), & depressed
  • By asking about their mood, you discover their affect.
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6
Q

Define Appropriateness

A
  • Does the affect match their verbal content?

- Emotion and content… are they congruent?

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7
Q

What is a perceptual disturbance?

A

Hallucination

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8
Q

Define Hallucination.

A
  • Perceptual distortions without external stimuli
  • It is happening in the person’s head. It is very real to them so they can’t tell what is real and what isn’t
  • “Have you heard or seen anything that others cannot see?”
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9
Q

What are the different types of hallucinations? Which are the most common? Which are the least common?

A
  • Auditory (MOST COMMON)
  • Visual (MOST COMMON)
  • Tactile
  • Taste (LESS COMMON)
  • Olfactory (LESS COMMON)
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10
Q

What type of hallucinations are “command hallucinations?”

A

Auditory

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11
Q

Why are command hallucinations so dangerous?

A
  • This is when voices are telling a person what to do.

- Very clearly state on the MSE is there IS or is NOT command hallucinations

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12
Q

Describe visual hallucinations.

A
  • Have no control over what they see in these hallucinations
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13
Q

T/F: PTSD is on the same spectrum as a hallucination?

A

True

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14
Q

Describe PROCESS of THOUGHT.

A
  • What is going on for the individual in their thought processes.
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15
Q

List the different types of processes of thought.

A
  • Loose associations
  • Flight of ideas
  • Tangentiality
  • Circumstantiality
  • Word salad
  • Neologisms
  • Clang associations
  • Perseveration
  • Thought blocking
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16
Q

Define loose associations

A
  • Loose/strange connections

i. e. Jumping around from topic to topic is confusing

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17
Q

Define flight of ideas

A
  • Extremely rapid thinking with loose connections

i. e. there are connections, they are loose but still connections

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18
Q

Define tangentiality

A
  • Never get to the point
  • Aren’t coherent enough to answer the question
  • Go from thing to thing
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19
Q

Define circumstantiality

A
  • Eventually get to the point

- Function a little bit better than tangentiality

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20
Q

Define word salad

A
  • Incoherent communication

i. e. take a whole bunch of words and put them together randomly

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21
Q

Define neologisms

A
  • Made-up words

- The person believes that others know the meaning of their made up words

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22
Q

Define clang associations

A
  • Rhyme responses

- Hung up on a certain sound or word

23
Q

Define Perseveration

A
  • Thought process is hung up on an idea or concept
24
Q

Define thought blocking

A
  • Sudden loss of train of thought
25
Q

What is Content of Thought?

A

The content of what we are thinking.

26
Q

List all of the types of CONTENT of THOUGHT.

A
  • Delusions
  • Paranoia
  • Preoccupations
  • Obsession and compulsions
  • Phobias
  • Suicidal/Homicidal thoughts
  • Ideas of reference
  • Depersonalization
  • Derealization
  • Poverty of content
27
Q

Define delusions (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Beliefs based outside of reality
  • “Tin-foil hat” – aliens can read our minds
  • Delusions and hallucinations can appear together because the delusion is the person’s way of trying to explain the hallucination
28
Q

Define paranoia (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Someone is out to get them
29
Q

Define preoccupations (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Totally engrossed or obsessed with a topic or person
30
Q

Define obsession and compulsions (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Obsessions are thoughts/ideas that triggers anxiety

- Compulsion is the behavior that appear to try to release the anxiety

31
Q

Define phobias (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Unreasonable fear for a variety of things
32
Q

Define suicidal/homicidal thoughts (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Suicidal: Harming self

- Homicidal: Harming others

33
Q

Define ideas of reference (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Belief that innocuous events are highly personally significant
  • Put specific meaning to something that they feel is directed to them
34
Q

Define depersonalization (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Feeling that the person somehow changed

i. e. refers to the person themselves; they know nothing has changed but get the sense that there is a change

35
Q

Define derealization (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Feeling that the environment has somehow changed

i. e. The end of the bed feels sharp, but knowing it really isn’t sharp

36
Q

Define poverty of content (CONTENT of THOUGHT)

A
  • Isn’t much within the content
37
Q

Define Insight

A
  • Person UNDERSTANDS they have a problem/mental illness

i. e. I understand that I hear voices that others cannot hear, but that is because….

38
Q

DSM-IV: What is on the Axis I ?

A
  • Clinical Disorders

- Other conditions of clinical focus

39
Q

DSM-IV: What is on the Axis II?

A
  • Personality Disorders

- Mental Retardation

40
Q

DSM-IV: What is on the Axis III?

A
  • General Medication Conditions
41
Q

DSM-IV: What is on the Axis IV?

A
  • Psychosocial & Environmental Problems
42
Q

DSM-IV: What is on the Axis V?

A
  • Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)
43
Q

DSM-IV: how certain is the Diagnosis?

A

100% certain

44
Q

DSM-IV: How certain is the 799.9 Diagnosis Deferred?

A

THE LEAST certain

45
Q

What is included in the MSE?

A
  1. General description
  2. Mood and Affect
  3. Speech
  4. Perceptual disturbances
  5. Thought
  6. Sensorium and cognition
  7. Impulse Control
  8. Judgement and insight
46
Q

Define Illusion

A
  • Perceptual distortion based on external stimuli
47
Q

What are the components of sensorium and cognition?

A
  • Alertness and level of consciousness
  • Orientation
  • Memory
  • Concentration
  • Abstract thinking
  • Fund of information and intelligence
48
Q

Define Etiology

A

Causation, origin, and development of a disease or a disorder

49
Q

Define disease

A

Applies to medial, physical, and biological problems

50
Q

Define disorder

A

Functional problem without underlying biological problems

51
Q

Define syndrome

A

Identifiable cluster or set of symptoms

52
Q

Define prognosis

A

Prediction about the future course of a problem

53
Q

Define diagnosis

A

The process of determining by examination the nature and circumstances of a disease or disorder

54
Q

What does the intake summary include?

A
  1. General history
  2. Specific Functioning (past and present)
  3. Formulation
  4. Diagnosis (DSM format)
  5. Treatment planning

Ch/adult psychopathology (643) (1 decks)

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