study Guide exam 1

Question 1

Psychology definition

Answer 1

The study of behavior and mental processes

Question 2

Case Study

Answer 2

The study of an individual in grave detail

Question 3

Laboratory Observation

Answer 3

The study of organisms in a lab setting

Question 4

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 4

The study of organisms in their natural habit ( environment)

Question 5

Correlation Study

Answer 5

Study the relationship between two variables and find the strength of the relationship

Question 6

Experiment

Answer 6

Purposeful manipulation of a variable to test change in behavior of the other, this proves the cause and effect.

Question 7

Strongest possible relationship between correlation coefficients, and the weakest.

Answer 7

-1.00 - +1.00 ( strongest) 0.0 (weakest/ no correlation)

Question 8

Independent vs dependent variable

Answer 8

Independent is manipulated dependent is measured for change

Question 9

How should one treat the opinions of experts

Answer 9

Respect but not blindly accept

Question 10

Special Pleading

Answer 10

Someone is confronted with facts disputing an argument then an exception is claimed without sufficient justification.

Question 11

Strawman Fallacy

Answer 11

Someone takes a claim, exaggerates it then attacks the false claim rather than the original claim

Question 12

No true Scotsman Fallacy

Answer 12

You make a claim about a group of people and when met with an exception say that person isn’t a part of the group.

Question 13

Ad Hominem Attack

Answer 13

You attack the character of the person rather than the claim itself

Question 14

What Aboutery

Answer 14

Criticism is deflected by pointing out past wrongs of your opponent

Question 15

Band wagon Fallacy

Answer 15

You go along with a claim because the majority is or the people your close too are going along with it.

Question 16

Who has to prove a claim to be true

Answer 16

The people who disagree have to prove the claim wrong instead of you proving it right.

Question 17

What is the Soma and what is it responsible for?

Answer 17

Soma ( Cell body) Is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell

Question 18

What is the Axon and what is it responsible for?

Answer 18

Axon is a tube like structure it sends neural messages to other cells

Question 19

What is the Dendrites and what is it responsible for?

Answer 19

Dendrites are branch like structures that receive messages from other neurons

Question 20

What are Axon Terminals and what is it responsible for?

Answer 20

Rounded areas at the end of the dendrites, and responsible for starting chemical communication.

Question 21

What are the steps of an action Potential

Answer 21

1: Reaching threshold ( begins on axon hillock)
2: Membrane channels open allowing sodium in (depolarizes the cell, makes +)
3:Moves down the axon jumping from node to node.
4: After the section is depolarized it goes back to normal as sodium leaves
5: Once this signal reaches axon terminals chemical transmission begins.

Question 22

Synaptic vesicle

Answer 22

Sac like structure found in the axon terminals containing chemicals

Question 23

Synapse

Answer 23

Sending the message to other cells

Question 24

Neurotransmitter

Answer 24

Chemical found in synaptic vesicles that have an effect on the other cells when released

Question 25

Dopamine

Answer 25

Voluntary Movement, rewards anticipation and addictive behaviors

Question 26

GABA

Answer 26

Primary inhibituary Receptors

Question 27

Acetylcholine

Answer 27

Muscle actions, learning, memory

Question 28

Seritonin

Answer 28

Sleep, mood, attention & learning

Question 29

Endorphins

Answer 29

Natural Opiates; mediate feelings of pain and pleasure (physical & emotional)

Question 30

Norepinephrine

Answer 30

Stress and mania (up) depression (down) (response to adrenaline)

Question 31

Glutamate

Answer 31

Excitatory, learning & memory

Question 32

Nervous system chart

Answer 32

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