Study Guide Ch. 2 Site Program And Selection Flashcards
Design projects begin when a client has a specific objective and initiates a project to meet that objective. However, design projects do not always begin with either programming OR site selection
the relationship between programming and site selection might be more open: a client may have a desired program, find a perfect site for this program, but then realize that this site can also support other programmed uses and thus expand the project scope to account for this. Because of this, there is no hard and fast rule whether programming or site selection is the first step in a project's development
site program and site selection influence one another and—
as program and site selection are refined they initiate the site inventory phase of a project (in which a specific site's resources are documented)
Programming
determines:
- the specific uses for a site,
- the objectives of the project and
- its associated functional and spatial requirements
both shapes and is shaped by site selection
A project program outlines the personal, political, financial and social components of a project and will always include
- A list of goals and objectives
- Elements to be included in the design
- Special requirements for the design to fulfill
Goals
general statements of intent for the overall design
Objectives
specific statements that suggest how goals are going to be accomplished and are thus more action-oriented
A project’s program may be developed by
the client/client’s employees, or with the assistance of consultants with programming expertise. The specific consultant or consultants chosen to undertake a programming study will reflect the client’s project objectives.
Program development
a period of research and information gathering used to determine project outcomes
programming studies are guided by the following information
Market analyses
Literature reviews
User demand studies
Stakeholder interviews/surveys
Analysis of relevant precedents
Client objectives (desired uses, special features, design styles)
Project budget
site selection must be guided by
Project objectives
Project requirements
The general location/area/region for the desired end use
Site selection has a direct relationship with programming, but it also impacts a wide range of factors throughout the lifecycle of a project
Moreover, each potential program generates site requirements and other criteria that must be met.
The benefits of a thorough site selection process thus include
Improved site function
Greater convenience and access for users
Reduced construction costs
Reduced maintenance and operational costs
Improved aesthetics
Reduced environmental impacts
Site selection process
7 steps
1. Determining the project objectives and requirements
2. Establishing the site selection criteria
3. Identifying potential sites
4. Evaluating each potential site against the project requirements
5. Ranking the potential sites against one another
6. Selecting the ideal site
7. Testing the project's feasibility
Because it provides proposed uses for a site, site programming helps inform the site selection criteria and establishes what data should be collected during the site inventory process.
Urban Infill
development on unused and underutilized lands within urban areas
Brownfield Site
any previously developed land that is not currently in use.
It may be potentially contaminated, but it is not required for an area to be referred to as "brownfield."
Note that all brownfield sites require a Phase I environmental assessment (prior to sale of the property) to determine the past and current site ownership and to identify if any activities took place that would have resulted in site contamination.
If the Phase I assessment identifies potential environmental contamination, Phase II study is required to determine the location and remediation of contaminants on site and to establish if future land use restrictions are required. Development of a brownfield site is therefore a (potentially) complicated process.
Greenfield Site
land that is either undeveloped or is currently being used for agriculture
re)development of unused or underutilized sites in urban areas brings the following benefits
Economic revitalization
Providing housing near jobs and services
Decreasing automobile use (i.e. less traffic, pollution, carbon emission reduction)
Transit-oriented development and walkable neighborhoods
Greater sense of community
As well as reducing development pressures on greenfield sites and taking advantage of existing infrastructure that likely does not exist on a greenfield site
Disadvantages of redevelopment
sometimes more expensive than building on an undeveloped site
some urban areas have strict zoning controls that discourage higher-density, mixed use development that often characterizes urban in-fill projects.
