Study Guide 7 Question 9

Question 1

Below is a fictional phylogenetic tree showing taxa (in letters) and their common ancestors (numbered branching points). Use the tree to answer the questions below

For each of the groups of taxa below, identify the numbered branch point that represents their most recent common ancestor
i. Taxa A, B, and C
ii. Taxa H, I, and J
iii. Taxa N and O
iv. Taxa P, Q, and R

Answer 1

i) 8
ii) 1
iii) 5
iv) 7

Question 2

Below is a fictional phylogenetic tree showing taxa (in letters) and their common ancestors (numbered branching points). Use the tree to answer the questions below

For each of the groups of taxa below, determine if the group is or is not monophyletic. If the group is NOT monophyletic, list the taxa that would need to be included in order to make the group monophyletic.
i. Taxa A, B, and C
ii. Taxa H, I, and J
iii. Taxa N and O
iv. Taxa P, Q, and R

Answer 2

i) monophyletic
ii) not monophyletic
iii) not monophyletic
iv) not monophyletic

Question 3

Below is a fictional phylogenetic tree showing taxa (in letters) and their common ancestors (numbered branching points). Use the tree to answer the questions below

If a phenotype is shared by the following groups, would you consider is analogous or homologous?
i. Taxa C, K, T
ii. Taxa I, J, K, L
iii. Taxa S, R, Q, and O

Answer 3

i) analogous
ii) homologous
iii) homologous