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Perio Exam 3 > Study Guide > Flashcards

Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

NUG

A

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

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2
Q

Symptoms of NUG

A

Painful interdental papilla and severe inflammation of the gingiva

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3
Q

Ehlers Danlos syndrome

A

Heritable disorder of connective tissue

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4
Q

Symptoms of ehlers danlos syndrome

A

Easy bruising
Joint hyper mobility
Skin laxity
Weakness of tissue

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5
Q

Most significant oral manifestation of ehlers danlos syndrome

A

Weekly onset generalized periodontitis

Can lead to premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth

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6
Q

NPD

A

Necrotizing periodontal disease- an inflammatory destructive infection of periodontal tissues that involve tissue necrosis.
Includes NUG AND NUP

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7
Q

NUP AND NUG

A

Painful infections with ulcerations, swellings and sloughing of dead epithelial tissue.

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8
Q

NUG

A

Tissue necrosis limited to gingival tissue

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9
Q

NUP

A

Tissue necrosis of gingival tissue combined with loss of attachment and alveolar bone

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10
Q

Symptoms of NUP

A

Extremely rapid bone loss.

Loss of periodontal attachment within days

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11
Q

NPD (necrotizing periodontal disease) will look like what clinically

A

Punched out or cratered papilla

Ulcerated margin bounded by red halo

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12
Q

Do periodontal pathogens cause periodontal disease?

A

Not alone—- there must be a host response to cause the loss of attachment and alveolar bone

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13
Q

Secondary occlusal trauma

A

An unjust as a result of occlusal forces on a tooth or teeth that have previously attachment and/or bone loss
—the periodontitis was unhealthy BEFORE experiencing excessive occlusal forces

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14
Q

What may result as from secondary occlusal traumas

A

Rapid bone loss and pocket formation

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15
Q

Papillon- lefevre syndrome

A

Inherited disorder of defective leukocyte chemotaxis.

— is rare.

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16
Q

Symptoms of papillon-lefevre syndrome

A

Recurrent bacterial and fungal infections
Impaired pus formation
Delayed wound healing
Perio disease begins upon eruption of primary teeth with rapid attachment loss and early tooth loss.

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17
Q

Guidelines for fundamental decision making

A
  1. ) does the clinical assessment indicate healthy or inflammatory disease?
  2. ) If inflammatory disease is present is it gingivitis or periodontitis?
  3. ) If gingivitis, what type? (Aggressive, localized, etc.)
    - if periodontitis, what type?
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18
Q

Master TX plan

A

Sequential outline of measures to be carried out by dentist, dental hygienist, or patient to eliminate disease and restore a healthy periodontal environment

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19
Q

The master TX plan can be used to

A

Coordinate and sequence ALL TX and educational measures employed

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20
Q

The master TX plan may not include

A

TX by the dental hygienist directly, but hygienist must understand how all TX phases contribute to goal

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21
Q

When diagnosing periodontal disease the dental team must document:

A
  1. ) diagnostic term (aggressive, chronic perio)
  2. ) disease severity (slight,moderate, severe)
  3. ) disease extent
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22
Q

NSP therapy (non surgical periodontal therapy) includes

A

All non surgical measures used to control gingivitis and periodontitis
-including measures to eliminate local contributing factors

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23
Q

NSP therapy includes all of these

A 
Pt self care education 
Nutritional counseling 
Smoking cessation counseling 
Periodontal debridement 
Antimicrobial therapy 
Correction of local risk factors 
Fluoride therapy 
Caries control and temp. Restorations
Occlusal therapy 
Minor ortho TX 
Re-evil of phase 1 therapy
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24
Q

NSP therapy is also referred to as

A

Initial periodontal therapy
Phase 1 therapy
Bacterial control
Anti infective therapy

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25
Q

During NSP the hygienist must make sure

A

That the pt understand all TX options

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26
Q

Informed consent

A

A patients voluntary agreement to proposed TX

27
Q

Pt can only give informed consent after:

A

The pt understands the relevant facts, benefits and risks involved

28
Q

The dental professional must inform the patient of these things before they can make an informed consent

A

1.) recommended TX
2.) alternative TX
3.) the likely consequences of refusing TX.
—in a language the patient understands

29
Q

surgical phase of periodontal therapy includes:

A

Any needed periodontal surgery and placement of dental implants
—by needed for all pt’s

30
Q

Surgical therapy is also called

A

Phase 2.

31
Q

Periodontal maintenance phase includes

A

All measures used by dental team and patients to keep periodontitis from recurring once the inflammatory disease is under control

32
Q

The point of periodontal maintenance phase is to:

A

Maintain functioning teeth throughout life and may be needed for there rest of a pts life

33
Q

Difference in periodontitis and gingivitis

A

Clinical loss of attachment (in periodontitis)

34
Q

Signs of periodontal disease:

A

Can be observed and are measurable by the clinician

35
Q

Symptoms of periodontal disease:

A

Features noticed by the patient

36
Q

Hidden signs of inflammation:

A

Signs that are not visible just by looking in the patients mouth.

37
Q

Hidden signs of inflammation include:

A
  1. ) bone loss
  2. ) purulence (exudate)
  3. ) bleeding on probing
38
Q

Informed refusal:

A

A pt has the right to refuse all TX or a portion of the proposed TX
—pt always has the right to refuse proposed periodontal care.

39
Q

Questions hygienist can ask to make patients ask more about their care.

A

Open ended exchange of info and non direct questions (not just yes or no)

  1. ) what more would you like to know?
  2. ) what are your concerns?
  3. ) what is your next question?
40
Q

Chediak-higashi syndrome:

A

Inherited disorder of immune and nervous systems.

—rare

41
Q

Symptoms of chediak-higashi syndrome

A

Pale colored hair,eyes and skin

Prone to severe periodontitis

42
Q

Familial and cyclic neutropenia

A

Hereditary and congenital disorder affecting bone marrow

43
Q

Symptoms of familial and cyclic syndrome

A

Severe periodontal destruction at a young age

Abnormally low levels of neutrophils.

44
Q

Down syndrome:

A

Caused by error in cell destruction w: additional 3rd chromosome.
1 in 691 children born with DS.
Mild/moderate cognitive effects

45
Q

Most common genetic condition

A

Down syndrome

46
Q

Symptoms of Down syndrome

A

Early onset periodontal disease
Substantial plaque biofilm formation
Deep perio pockets
Extensive gingival inflammation

47
Q

Periodontal disease strongly associated with HIV infection

A

Classified as linear gingival erythema (LGE) but used to be known as HIV associated gingivitis

48
Q

symptoms of LGE

A
  • 2-3 mm band of intense erythema in the free gingiva
  • May extend into attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa.
  • may be localized to 1-2 teeth but it’s more common to be generalized.
49
Q

Cytokines

A

Recruit PMN’s and macrophages to infection site and increase vascular permeability
-have potential to initiate tissue destruction and bone loss.

50
Q

Cytokines are associated with

A

Interleukin 1,6,8 and tumor necrosis factor beta.

51
Q

Prostaglandins

A

Increase permeability leading to redness and edema of connective tissue.
—can trigger osteoclasts

52
Q

What initiates most of alveolar bone destruction

A

Prostaglandins

53
Q

MMP’s (matrix metalloprotenases)

A

—In absence of disease: facilitate normal turnover of periodontal connective tissue matrix
—in presence of chronic bacterial infection: large amounts released to kill invading bacteria, resulting in enhanced breakdown of connective tissue and periodontium.

54
Q

Increased levels of MMP’s will cause

A

Extensive collagen destruction

55
Q

Bacterial accumulation: initial lesion

A

2-4 days after plaque biofilm accumulation.

Gingiva appears healthy clinically

56
Q

Early gingivitis: early lesion

A

4-7 days after plaque biofilm accumulation.

Edema and redness of gingival marginal tissues can be seen clinically

57
Q

Established gingivitis: established lesion

A

21 days after plaque biofilm formation.

All clinical feature of gingivitis can be observed clinically

58
Q

Periodontitis: advances lesion

A 
Perio pockets formed 
Bleeding on probing 
Alveolar bone loss 
Furcation involvement 
Tooth mobility 
Can all be seen clinically
59
Q

Phases of management of pts with periodontal disease:

A
  • assessment phase and preliminary therapy
  • nonsurgucal periodontal therapy
  • surgical therapy
  • restorative therapy
  • periodontal maintenance
60
Q

Assessment phase

A 
Health hx 
Comp. exam 
Assessment data collection 
Radiographs 
Diagnosis of oral conditions 
TX of urgent conditions 
Planning of NSP therapy 
Referral for care of medical conditions 
Extraction of hopeless teeth
61
Q

Surgical therapy

A

Periodontal surgery
Endodontic surgery
Dental implant placement

62
Q

Restorative therapy

A

Dental restorations
Fixed and removable prosthesis
Re evaluation of overall response to TX

63
Q

Periodontal maintenance

A

Ongoing care at specified intervals

Perio Exam 3 (1 decks)

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