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study guide Flashcards

1
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating

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2
Q

McBurney’s point

A

lower quadrant tenderness (half way between the R ASIS and umbilicus, palpates legs straight, 11th thoracic n.), appendicitis

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3
Q

positive Kehr’s sign

A

sign of ruptured spleen, this test is done in supine with legs up and feel pain in tip of Left shoulder

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4
Q

signs of pre-eclampsia

A

HTN, unexpected wt gain during pregnancy

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5
Q

gallbladder referral

A

R shoulder

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6
Q

occult

A

obscure/hidden from view

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7
Q

best 1st questions:

A

are you having any limitations related to that?

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8
Q

one of the 4 key questions for screening

A

During the past month have you been feeling down, depressed, or hopeless?

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9
Q

one of the 4 key questions for screening

A

During the past month have you been bothered by little interest or pleasure in doing things?

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10
Q

one of the 4 key questions for screening

A

Do you ever feel unsafe at home or has anyone hit you or tried to injure you in any way?

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11
Q

one of the 4 key questions for screening

A

Are you currently pregnant or think you may become pregnant

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12
Q

Alcohol levels of dependency for men =

A

> 14/week, >4/sitting

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13
Q

Alcohol levels of dependency for women =

A

> 7/wk; >3/sitting

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14
Q

toxic level of caffeine

A

> 3 cups/day

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15
Q

possible reasons for significant wt gain

A

hypothyroid, congestive heart failure

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16
Q

possible reasons for significant wt loss

A

cancer, infection, hyperthyroid

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17
Q

relatives most interested in for family medical hx

A

1st degree = parents and siblings

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18
Q

pain description indicative of vascular

A

throbbing, pounding, pulsing

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19
Q

pain description indicative of neurogenic

A

sharp, crushing, burning, hot

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20
Q

pain description indicative of MSK

A

aching, sore, dull

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21
Q

pain description indicative of emotional

A

miserable, agonizing, torturing

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22
Q

pain description indicative of visceral

A

knifelike, boring, colicky, deep cramping, gnawing, comes in waves

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23
Q

colicky

A

GI discomfort usually form a hollow organ

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24
Q

what to ask if pt reports constant pain

A

do you have this pain now?

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25
key ending question
are you having symptoms of any other kind that may or may not be related to your main problem?
26
pain referral C7
somatic pain from interscapular area
27
pain referral 10th rib
gallbladder (somatic and visceral)
28
somatic
pertaining to the body wall in contrast to viscera
29
pain referral to shoulder, midthoracic, low back
spleen
30
pain referral to chest
gallbladder
31
systemic pain patterns
likely constant, deep, boring, progressive, cyclic, less changeable, organ dependent, Bilateral symptoms, painless proximal weakness, fever
32
pelvic organ innervation
T10-11
33
malaise
vague feeling of discomfort, as feel on the onset of getting sick
34
fatigue
sense of tiredness >2 wks
35
normal wt gain during pregnancy
5 lbs/wk,
36
stridor
noisy breathing, specifically high-pitched crowing sound associated with croup, respiratory infection, and airway obstruction
37
tachypnea
RR > 20 b/min for an adult
38
chronic hypoxia
indicated by clubbing of the nails
39
horner's syndrome
caused by a lesion in the SNS, especially the cervical chain or central pathways, & characterized by drooping upper eyelid, pupillary contraction, absence of sweating, and receding eyeball
40
pulmonary checklist is indicated for:
unresolved/atypical TOS with hx of CA, Horner's Syndrome, pain in R/L shoulder girdle, thorax to T-L junction, medications impacting this system or hx of pulmonary dz
41
vascular system checklist indicated for:
claudication (pain with exertion), pain in chest, neck, jaw, tooth, medications that impact vascular system, hx of cardiac/vascular problems
42
indicates upper GI involvement
melena, heartburn/indigestion, food intolerance
43
indicates lower GI involvement
incontinence, frank blood color, difficulty initiating defecation, caliber, diarrhea
44
melena
black tarry stool
45
can cause migraines
cheese, chocolate, nuts, red wine
46
opioids
this drug has a risk of constipation
47
GI system checklist indicated for:
long term use of: NSAIDs, corticosteroids, narcotics; pelvic pain, shoulder girdle pain, thorax, medications indicating GI, or hx of GI disorders
48
protuberant
swelling outward, bulging
49
normal lymph node characteristics
50
vesicular BS
heard over majority of lung, mainly hear inspiration
51
bronchial BS
heard over trachea and bronchi, louder than vesicular
52
Bronchovesicular BS
heard on posterior chest wall at level of scapula, equal inspiration and expicration
53
examples pf adventitious sounds
crackels, wheezing
54
S4
associated with long-standing HTN, additional sounds precedes S1
55
S3
associated with ventricular failure, additional sound follows S2
56
APTM
Aortic, Pulmonic, Tricuspid, Mitral breath sound sequence R to L head to toe
57
Bell
used to hear Bruits over the aortic, carotid, femoral
58
diaphragm of stethoscope
to listen for Digestion
59
ascites
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
60
normal bowel sounds
clicks and gurgles (5-30 per min), listen up to 5 min to establish absence of sounds
61
sequence of abdominal exam
INSPECT observe (symmetry) --> AUSCULTATE bowel sounds with diaphragm 4 quadrants --> assess inguinal nodes --> PERCUSS percussion of abdomen, painful area last --> PALPATE map the liver borders --> palpate organs (light up to 1/2 in, deep up to 1" varies with body types)
62
6th vital sign
gait speed
63
5 students
shape, size, site, spider angioma, surface
64
5 teachers
temp, texture, tenderness, translumination, turgor (dehydration >4 sec)
65
CAMPFIRE
Consistency, Appearance, Mobility, Pulsation, Fluctuation, Irreducibility, Regional lymph & Rash, Edges & Edema
66
Melasma
mask of pregnancy, blotchy brown macules generally symetrical distrubution on checks and forhead
67
sarcoidosis
dz affecting many organs developing granulomas (little tumors) made of cells from immune system
68
scleroderma
autoimmune disorder, overproduction of abnormal collagen accumulating and scaring throughout the body
69
liver flap
arms extended wrists extended, see beating of the wrist
70
pt says "99" repetitively
when assessing for tactile fremitus
71
petechiae/purpura
doesn?t blanch with pressure
72
erythema
blanches with pressure
73
spider angiomas
fiery red, radiating "legs" small up to 2mm (liver dz, pregnancy, estrogen therapy)
74
cherry angiomas
fiery red, round smooth borders, up to 3 mm
75
xanthomas
tumor composed of lipid foam cells
76
risk factors for skin cancer
family hx, immunosuppression, prolonged sun exposure
77
basal cell skin cancer characteristics
depressed center surrounded by raises, firm border
78
squamous cell carcinoma characteristics
scaling, crusty nodules or plaques
79
nail growth
average 3mm/month
80
terry's nail
Lunula (whate part of base of nail) more than 2/3 of the length --> found in pts with chrrhosis of the liver and hypoalbumnemia
81
spoon nails
found in pts with iron deficiency
82
psoriasis
pitting of the nail bed is found in 50% of this pt population
83
mee's lines
white transverse lines across the nail plate --> found in pts with renal failure, heart dz, pneumonia
84
half-and-half nails
indicitive of chronic renal failure, the distal half of nail plate is darker colored
85
clubbing
broadening of distal appendage with increased Lovibond's angles related to hypoxia
86
Beau's lines
transverse lines, cracked looking across the nail plate result of severe systemic insult (high fever, infection, renal dz, hepatic dz)
87
Murphy's Sign
hook fingers abournd R anterior lower rib cage, pt inspires; exquisite tenderness = possible acute cholecystitis
88
Murphy's percussion
direct or indirect, ulnar surface of fist over kidney area; vibration reproduces pain
89
Blumberg's Sign
rebound tenderness; palpate deeply and slowly away from suspected area, remove quickly; pain experianced on side of inflammation
90
pinch-an-inch test
alternative to Blumberg's Sign
91
Heel tap test
supine, tap heel, + if reproduces lower abdominal pain (L - diverticulitis, R - appendicitis)
92
Hop test
unable and clutches abdomen
93
indications for lymph node exam
visual lump, pain of lymph nodes, persistent illness, fever, inflammation, spinder bite, infection
94
indications for CN screen
stroke, concussion, TBI, altered speech, sensory changes, ptosis, change in childs bx?

Differential Dx (1 decks)

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