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pol 106 > study guide > Flashcards

study guide Flashcards

1
Q

What is politics?

A

Who gets what, when, and how
Power struggle, power is the ability to get other people to do what you want
What/who is LEGITIMATE (right)
Process thru which we try to arrange our collective lives in some kind of social order so that we can live without crashing into each other at every turn, provide ourselves with goods and services we could not obtain alone, and max. the values and behaviors we think are important

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2
Q

Relationship between politics and gov.

A

Politics is the process of gaining/losing power and resources
Deal making and campaigning
Gov. is a system or organization for exercising authority over a group of people
Constitution and administration

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3
Q

What is meant by authority

A

Power that citizens view as legitimate (right)
Power to which we have implicitly consented
Gov. exercise authority bc people recognize them as legitimate even if they do things we don’t like

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4
Q

What are rules?

A

The “how” of politics

Tell us how the game is to be played

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5
Q

What are institutions?

A

The “where” of politics

Congress, the presidency, the courts, etc.

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6
Q

What is capitalism economics?

A

All means of production and distribution are privately controlled/based upon the free marke

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7
Q

What do we have?

A

Regulated capitalism- gov monitors

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8
Q

What is socialism economics?

A

Politicians control the distribution and allocation of goods and services

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9
Q

What are the examples of authoritarian gov.?

A

Monarchy
Theocracy
Fascist Gov.
Oligarchy

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10
Q

What is a monarchy?

A

Where you have a king and queen

Saudi Arabia

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11
Q

What is theocracy gov.?

A

Religious perspective first
Rules in the interest of god thru an authoritarian way
Iran and Vatican City

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12
Q

What is a Fascist Gov?

A

Extreme pride in country
If doesn’t benefit country then eliminate it
Nazi Germany

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13
Q

What is the Elite Democracy?

A

System for common people to choose among competing leaders

Elite in business, military, media and education

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14
Q

What is pluralist Democracy

A

Individuals have limited power

Participation in groups is most important

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15
Q

What is participatory Democracy?

A

Individuals have the right to control all circumstances

Direct participation exists in all areas

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16
Q

What does the Social Contract mean?

A

We give up some rights in order to protect others by having police, fire depo..

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17
Q

Are we a pure democracy?

A

No because we have a republic- elect officials who devote their time so that we do not have to do research ourselves, we don’t directly have a say tho

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18
Q

What is Jus Soil?

A

Right of the land- born on the land

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19
Q

What is Jus Sanguinis?

A

right by blood

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20
Q

What are the big three?

A

Democracy
Freedom
Equality

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21
Q

What is meant by democracy?

A

Seen as fundamentally just or fair way of making decisions because every individual who cares to participate is heard in the process, and all interest are considered.

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22
Q

What is meant by freedom?

A

Holds that no unfair restrictions should be put in the way of your pursuit of what you want, but it does not guarantee you any help in achieving those things
Bill of Rights

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23
Q

What is meant by equality?

A

Gov. should guarantee equality of treatment, of access, and of opportunity, not equality of result

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24
Q

Why did the colonists finally say “That’s all I can stands, I can’t stands no more…”?

A

Coercive Acts of 1774- straw that broke the camels back

Intolerable violation of their rights

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25
Q

What did Thomas Jefferson do?

A

Write the declaration of independence
No mistakes, every word had intent, smart guy, every word had meaning
Why he felt the need to go to war

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26
Q

What was the Native Americans doing during the Revolution?

A

They had a chance to seek revenge on the colonist and side with Britain but didn’t
Moved west
Colonists told NA that it was a family quarrel

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27
Q

Why did Shay’s rebellion happen and what happened after?

A

Farmers were angry because went in debt when they were told they wouldn’t
Constitutional Convention to readjust the articles

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28
Q

What is popular tyranny?

A

Unrestrained power of the people because tax just MA

Shay’s rebellion

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29
Q

Explain the differences between the Virginia and New Jersey Plan

A 
Virginia Plan
James Madison
Strong national gov
Single executive
National judiciary
Two house
Feds can override states
New Jersey Plan
William Paterson
Weak national gov.
Single house
Each state one vote
Multi-person exec
No national judiciary
30
Q

What was the great compromise?

A

Strong national gov, two houses, national judiciary, single exec., feds can kinda override states

31
Q

What was the 3/5 Compromise?

A

Each slave would count as 3/5 of a person

Representation based on population- slaves werent treated as citizens tho

32
Q

Qualifications of House

A

25 yrs. Old
7 years citizen
2 yr. terms

33
Q

Qualifications of Senate

A

30 yrs.
9 years citizen
6 yr. terms

34
Q

Qualifications of President

A

35 yrs. Old
natural born citizen
14 yr. resident
4 yr. term

35
Q

Powers of the President

A 
Commander in Chief
	Appointments
	State of the Union
	Call and Adjourn Session
	Pardons
	Treaties
36
Q

What is the origin of practice of Judicial Review?

A

Marbury vs. Madison

37
Q

What does judicial review mean?

A

Allows the SC to rule that an act of congress of the exec. Branch is unconstitutional

38
Q

What is the difference between separation of powers and checks and balances?

A 
Separation of powers is the jobs of the branches
		Legislative- makes laws
		Executive- implements law
		Judicial- interprets laws
	Checks and Balances allows each of the branches to police the others
		Legislative- can impeach
		Executive- veto laws, elects judicials
		Judicial- say unconstitutional
39
Q

What is the Federalist #10?

A

Corruption is from factions

40
Q

What is Federalist #51

A

Checks and Balances

41
Q

What is Federalist #84

A

No Bill of Rights

42
Q

What is the definition of federalism?

A

Political system which divides authority between different levels of gov.
State, federal, local

43
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of federalism?

A

Local control and experimentation- health care, voting & civil rights
Flexibility
Repetition of services/programs

44
Q

What is the necessary and proper clause?

A

Justifies giving congress many powers never mentioned in the constitution

45
Q

What is the origin of the necessary and proper clause?

A

McCulloch vs. Maryland

46
Q

What is the Supremacy Clause of Article VI?

A

Constitution is the supreme law of the land

If between fed and state—fed wins

47
Q

What is duel federalism? (cake)

A

No mixing of state and feds

Cake layers

48
Q

What is cooperative federalism?

A

Powers and responsibilities are much more difficult to segregate…but one is still dominant
Marble cake—chocolate over powering via taste

49
Q

What is the Unitary System?

A

Central gov. has extreme authority

Local units serve at pleasure of central power and exist as administrators (England)

50
Q

What is the Confederal System?

A

Local unites have control

Central exists only with permission of the locals (UN and European Union

51
Q

What is the Gibbons vs. Ogden?

A

Congress has broad regulatory power over commerce

Regulate business

52
Q

Who always wins and is the protector of individual rights?

A

feds

53
Q

What is the No Federal Influence grant?

A

Feds wont have a say or give you money

Power and control in lower levels of gov.

54
Q

What is categorical grants?

A

Gov will give money if you match

Detailed requirements for fed. Funding

55
Q

What is a block grant?

A

Gov. give you so much money and you do with what you see fit

Limited instructions and requirements

56
Q

What is unfunded mandates?

A

Specific policy requirements with no financial backing to support policy
Feds say you need to do this but wont give you money to support it

57
Q

What is devolution?

A

Returning power to lower levels of gov.—states

58
Q

Why would you move in the devolution direction?

A

States want control and opportunity
Congress has been supportive in general ($$)
Happy to give control but we wont pay for it if you have control
SC has made decisions in support of the 10th amendment

59
Q

What are civil liberties?

A

Individual freedoms
Place limitations on power of gov.
Free speech, freedom of religion

60
Q

What are civil rights?

A

Gov. action to secure the rights of the citizen
Gov. must treat citizens equally, apply laws fairly, not discriminate
Treat people equally under the law

61
Q

What is incorporation?

A

14th amendment- guarantee their citizens due process of law

62
Q

What are the three basic reasons the founders said freedom of religion?

A

History- god justifies everything a gov. does
Risk to the faith- politics makes everything dirty
Risk to our politics/gov.- madison and factions

63
Q

What is the establishment clause?

A

No official religion

Wall between church and state

64
Q

What is the Free Exercise Clause?

A

No laws regarding the practice of religion

Exceptions- public health, violence, cannot have a religion that abuses

65
Q

What is the Freedom of Assembly?

A

Groups are not required to disclose their membership

Broad protection

66
Q

What is prior restraint?

A

Very limited in US—military uses

Gov. limit what the press say before they say it

67
Q

Is a right absolute?

A

No there are limitations

Guns- needs a permit

68
Q

What does the 4th amendment say?

A

Protection against unreasonable search and seizure
Must have probably cause and often a warrant
What is considered reasonable?
Get a warrant then have a probable cause

69
Q

What is the exclusionary rule?

A

Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used to prosecute

Not a constitutional right

70
Q

What is the origin of exclusionary rule?

A

Mapp vs. Ohio

71
Q

What was Gideon vs. Wainwright?

A

Everyone has a right to an attorney even if you cannot afford one

pol 106 (5 decks)

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