Study Guide Flashcards
Define interphase.
It has three phases G1,S,G2
G is a major event and growth of the cell
S phase in which the main activity is replication of the DNA
G2 grows and makes preparation for mitosis or the M phase organelles me increase in number
Define cell cycle.
Growth and reproduction through mitosis or meiosis
Define mitosis.
Chromosomes are replicated move to opposite poles // create the two daughter cells
Define cytokinesis.
The process of separating two daughter cells
Define apoptosis.
The process of programmed cell death
Define necrosis.
Irregular breakdown of cells
Define diploid.
Cells with the normal number of chromosomes // or two sets of chromosomes
Define haploid.
Having one complete set of chromosomes
Define cell division.
Process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells
Define mitosis.
The division of the nucleus/diploid nucleus duplicates genetic material divides into two nuclei
What are the four processes involving division by mitosis?
Prophase,
metaphase,
anaphase,
telophase
Define prophase.
The mitotic spindle begins to form & is complete at the end of the prophase
the centrosomes move toward opposite poles of the cell due to lengthening microtubules
Define metaphase.
Chromosomes move to the center
Centrosomes are now at the opposite poles
Define anaphase.
Centromeres have divided in the chromatids have become chromosomes
spindle microtubules pull chromosomes to opposite poles
Define telophase.
Chromosomes reach the poles and nuclear membrane forms around them
Spindle microtubules break down
Cell is ready for cytokinesis
