Study Guide

Question 0

What is a reference point?

Answer 0

a place or object used for comparison to determine whether an object is in motion.

Question 1

What is motion?

Answer 1

An object is in motion when its distance from another object is changing.

Question 2

What is speed?

Answer 2

the distance an object travels in one unit of time.

Question 3

What is velocity?

Answer 3

Speed in a given direction.

Question 4

What is the International System of Units (SI)?

Answer 4

a system of measurement based on multiples of ten and on established measures of mass, length, and time.

Question 5

What is a meter?

Answer 5

the basic SI unit of length.

Question 6

Acceleration-

Answer 6

the rate at which velocity changes.

Question 7

Force-

Answer 7

A push or a pull exerted on an object.

Question 8

Net Force-

Answer 8

the overall force on an object when all individual forces’ actions are combined.

Question 9

Newton(N)-

Answer 9

a unit of measurement that equals the force required to accelerate one kilogram of mass at one meter per second per second (1m/s2).

Question 10

Balanced Forces-

Answer 10

equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions.

Question 11

Mass-

Answer 11

the amount of matter in an object.

Question 12

Newton’s First Law of Motion-

Answer 12

An object at rest will remain at rest and an object that is moving at a constant speed will remain moving at a constant speed unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Question 13

Friction-

Answer 13

the force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other.

Question 14

Sliding Friction-

Answer 14

when solid surfaces slide over each other.

Question 15

rolling friction-

Answer 15

when an object rolls over a surface.

Question 16

Fluid Friction-

Answer 16

the friction that occurs when an object moves through a fluid.

Question 17

Strength of frictional force-

Answer 17

depends on the types of surfaces involved and how hard the surfaces are pushed together.

Question 18

Direction of Frictional Force-

Answer 18

depends on the way the object is being pushed or pulled.

Question 19

Gravity

Answer 19

The force that pulls objects towards Earth.

Question 20

Free Fall-

Answer 20

The motion of a falling object when the only force acting upon it is gravity.

Question 21

Air resistance-

Answer 21

The fluid friction experienced by objects falling through air.

Question 22

Weight-

Answer 22

The force of gravity on an object at the surface of the planet.

Question 23

Why are reference points needed?

Answer 23

Reference points are needed to be able to see an object in motion.

Question 24

How is distance described?

Answer 24

Distance is described by SI units (m), which are based on the number ten.

Question 25

How is speed calculated?

Answer 25

Speed=d/t.

Question 26

Describe constant speed.

Answer 26

Constant speed is when the object is going at the same speed continuously for a certain distance.

Question 27

Describe average speed.

Answer 27

Average speed is the averaged speed that an object was going over a certain distance.

Question 28

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Answer 28

Velocity is speed in a given direction and speed is the distance an object travels in one unit of time.

Question 29

Give examples and describe how speed graphs draw a picture of a moving object. (Slope, no slope, increase, decrease)

Answer 29

Speed graphs show how fast or slow an object is moving in a single unit of time. A fast moving object would have a steep slope, while a slow moving object would have a small slope. An object that is not moving at all will have no slope and a horizontal line.

Question 30

What are three ways an object can accelerate?

Answer 30

Increasing speed, decreasing speed, and changing direction.

Question 31

Describe a graph showing acceleration.

Answer 31

A graph showing acceleration would have an upward curve.

Question 32

Describe the symbol that scientists use to describe a force.

Answer 32

The symbol that scientists use to describe a force is a Newton. A newton is a unit of measure that equals the force required to accelerate one kilogram of mass at one meter per second per second.

Question 33

Describe the differences in how unbalanced and balanced forces affect motion.

Answer 33

Balanced forces cause an object to remain at rest. Unbalanced forces cause an object to start moving, stop moving and change direction.

Question 34

Why is Newton’s first law of motion nicknamed the law of inertia?

Answer 34

Newton’s first law of motion is nicknamed the law of inertia because it states the reason inertia happens.

Question 35

How is mass related to inertia?

Answer 35

Mass is related to inertia because the more mass, the more inertia.

Question 36

Relate inertia to the changes while traveling in a car.

Answer 36

While in the car, it takes a little momentum for the car to start moving. This is because of inertia.

Question 37

Is friction useful or not?

Answer 37

Without friction, people wouldn’t be able to move, so, yeah, it’s useful.

Question 38

What factors determine the strength of the frictional force?

Answer 38

Types of surfaces and how hard they are pushed together.

Question 39

How does friction affect motion?

Answer 39

Friction causes an object to lose motion and/or change direction.

Question 40

What is the clear difference between weight and mass?

Answer 40

Weight is the pull of gravity on an object. Mass is the amount of matter in an object.