Study Guide 2 Flashcards
Hemostasis
Coagulation & Termination of bleeding
The doctor wants to check Mr. Jones drug level at its highest and lowest levels, this is known as what?
Trough and Peak
Can you draw from an infant’s arm?
Yes
An _________ is a possible complication of phlebotomy
Emboli formation
Doctor orders a PTT (prothrombin time test) on a patient. Which collection tube do you use?
Light blue
A key item in any successful blood draw is?
Patient information
When drawing arterial, which artery is commonly utilized?
Brachial artery
You are drawing a patient’s blood and they begin having a medical emergency, what should you do?
Stop draw, get help
The right to refuse care, the right to receive accurate information and the right to participate in health care decisions is known as
Patient bill of rights and responsibilities
What is QNS?
Quantity Not Sufficient
You are called to the E.R. for a blood alcohol screen. There is no chlorhexidine available, what else could you clean the site with?
Betadine
Arterial sticks can be done by?
CPT-II
Phlebotomy is performed at the _____ stage in the analytical process
pre-analytical
___________ is the standard gauge needle used for blood draws
21
This tube contains Heparin?
Green top
Name the liquid portion of anticoagulated blood
Plasma
What is required on a blood tube label?
Patient name, DOB, DOD, time, initials
Are you allowed to draw from an arm with a same side mastectomy?
No
What are engineering controls?
Isolating bloodborne pathogens from the workplace
Name the government agency responsible for regulating workplace safety
OSHA
When should QC samples be tested?
Start of each day, after daily maintenance
What are vascular factors?
Chemicals reducing blood flow
What carries Hemoglobin?
Red blood cells
While observing a blood sample you collected, you see a milky off-white substance in your specimen, what is this substance?
Cholestrol
DNA studies and paternity testing is done from this tube?
Yellow ACD tube
An irate combative patient comes into your office, what can you do?
Refuse service and refer back to doctor
Popping a rubber stopper of a sample may
Create aerosol
If a patient informs you of a latex allergy, what should you do?
Use non-latex equipment
Who can prepare a blood smear?
Phlebotomist and other allied professional
When finished with the venipuncture, you should
Dispose needle in sharps containter
Why do we instruct the PT to place firm pressure over the venipuncture site?
Prevents hematoma formation
When should you invert anticoagulant tubes?
Immediately after blood draw
Light blue top, green top and lavender top tubes all contain additives that are all known as
anticoagulants
What is the specific additive in the light blue top tube?
Sodium Citrate
You are called again to the E.R. for a blood alcohol test, which tube do you use?
Gray tube
The nation standard slip used by every lab for blood draw requisitions
No universal slip
What is the purpose of an arterial blood draw?
Determining oxygen saturation percentage (ABG)
Anyone can do an arterial blood draw
No
This is the national regulatory body for certifying labs?
CLIA
What is information disclosure?
Patients have the right to receive accurate information
Does a nurse have the right to direct you to not draw a patient?
Yes
What does QA assure?
Quality of total testing process
What are chemicals that prevent blood clotting called?
Anticoagulants
How do transport a specimen that needs to be kept cold?
Placing specimen on ice
This tube must contain a ratio of 9 parts blood to 1 part addtitive
Light blue tube
Aerobic & Anaerobic bottles are used for?
Blood cultures
How many hours of internship must you complete if you have no experience?
40
Lack of physical or mental fitness is known as
Incompentance
PPE stands for what?
Personal Protective Equipments
When should you stop letting blood into a vacuum tube
When tube stops drawing blood
How should we mix blood with additives?
Invert 6-8 times
What are we doing when we clean a draw site with Isopropyl alcohol?
Disinfection; removing most microorganism
Diabetics, end stage HIV pt’s, mastectomies, and cancer patients should?
Be drawn with caution bc of nosocomial infection
This tube has no additives
Red top tube
We can use this tube for Glucose (only) testing?
Gray top
What is integrity?
Always doing whats right when it doesn’t matter
How are Nosocomial infections primarily spread?
Urinary tract infection
Your employer must offer education and training on blood borne pathogens _______ per OSHA requirements.
at no cost
The agency responsible for setting national standards for lab procedures
CLSI
This is an indefensible phlebotomy error
Excessive angle of insertion
How long should you flush a mucous membrane after an exposure incident?
15 minutes
Define HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability act
Unsafe acts, needle sticks or other exposures need to be
report to supervisor
An unbalanced centrifuge may cause?
Tubes break
When you first meet our patient, what should you do./
Patient identification
The doctor orders a test that requires only 1 light blue top tube. What is the proper procedure to obtain a single light blue top tube?
1st tube thrown away and 2nd light blue top gets tested
Liver malfunction causes
_____________in your blood sample
icterus
You are drawing a PT when you realize you have drawn the wrong tube and don’t have the correct tubes within reach. What should you do?
Dispose equipment, get correct tubes, then redraw
What is the primary job of the red blood cell?
Transport oxygen
The CLS asks you to prep a slide for them, at what angle should the spreader slide be to get a good smear?
30* angle
What time is 8:22 in standard military time?
20:22
Pre or Post-analytical phases are where more errors are likely to happen.
True
What is the normal prothombin time range?
10-12 seconds
Lavender top tubes contain what additive?
EDTA
What is the liquid taken from coagulated blood called?
Serum
You receive a notice from the lab you have a hemolyzed specimen you drew on a PT. How do you correct the error?
Redraw
Can patients refuse blood draws?
Yes
____________ is an outline of protective measures to minimize employee exposure to body fluids.
Exposure Control Plan
When collecting blood from an artery, what color is it?
Bright red
A cancer patient is most predisposed to ___________
Nosocomial infections
Employers must keep you records for __________
30 years
You can release results directly to the patient upon their request.
No
If not already drawn, when can a doctor cancel a blood draw order?
Anytime
___________ move blood borne pathogens through the air
Aerosol
Can you choose not to draw on an infant?
Yes
You have to pull an ammonia test, which tube do you use?
Green top
Pink or red tinged plasma or serum are signs of __________
Hemolysis
What do you do when you draw the wrong patient?
Redraw on correct patient
Damaged blood vessels release?
Von willebrand factor
QC samples have known values?
Yes
_________ is the proper angle for vacutainer or syringe draw.
30*
What is the most common instrument of choice for most blood draws?
Vacutainer closed system
You’re drawing a patient when you notice a hematoma forming, what should you do?
Discontinue draw and apply pressure
The additive in a gray tube is?
Sodium Fluoride and Potassium oxide
Doctor orders a CBC, what tube will you pull?
Lavender top tube
You’ve completed a multi tube draw on a patient, what do you do next?
Label each tube individually before leaving
Define communicable diseases
A disease that passes from one to another
What is the Allen test used for?
Determine if safe to draw from radial artery
The patients bill of rights was enacted in
1997
Is the patient allowed to participate in treatment making decisions?
Yes
