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AOP 2 > Study Guide > Flashcards

Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What is the correct order for donning PPE?

A

wash hands, Gown, mask or respirator, goggles or face shield, gloves.

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2
Q

What are isolation precautions?

A

Measures taken to prevent the spread of diseases by separating infected patients from others.

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3
Q

Define dyspnea.

A

Difficulty or labored breathing.

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4
Q

What does COAST stand for in goal setting?

A

Client, Occupation, Assist level, Specific conditions, Timeline.

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5
Q

What does SOAP in SOAP notes stand for?

A

Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan.

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6
Q

What are normal vital signs for adults?
Blood pressure
Heart rate
Respiratory Rate
& Temperature

A

Blood pressure: <120/80 mmHg, Heart rate: 60-100 bpm, Respiratory rate: 12-20 breaths per minute, Temperature: 98.6°F (37°C).

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)?

A

Swelling, pain, redness, warmth in the affected leg.

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8
Q

How should you respond to suspected DVT?

A

Seek immediate medical attention, avoid massaging the area, keep the leg elevated.

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9
Q

What are the 4 stages of decubitus ulcers?

A

Stage 1: Redness, Stage 2: Blister or open sore, Stage 3: Deep wound, Stage 4: Large-scale tissue loss.

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10
Q

OT interventions for decubitus ulcers?

A

Pressure relief, positioning, wound care education, use of support surfaces.

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11
Q

What is a safe position orthosis?

A

A device that maintains a joint in a safe and functional position to prevent contractures.

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12
Q

Define low load prolonged stretch.

A

A technique that applies a gentle, consistent stretch to tissues over a prolonged period to increase flexibility.

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13
Q

Purpose of a dynamic splinting outrigger at 90-degree angle?

A

To provide controlled motion while maintaining correct alignment.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of a static orthosis?

A

To immobilize a joint or body part to allow for healing.

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15
Q

What is a Giv Mohr sling used for?

A

To support and align the shoulder and arm post-stroke or injury.

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16
Q

Common complications of elbow fractures?

A

Stiffness, malunion, nerve damage, arthritis.

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17
Q

OT interventions for elbow fractures?

A

Splinting, range of motion exercises, strengthening exercises, pain management.

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18
Q

What is Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

A

Compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow.

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19
Q

Evaluation methods for Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

A

Tinel’s sign, elbow flexion test, nerve conduction studies.

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20
Q

Interventions for Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

A

Activity modification, splinting, nerve gliding exercises, surgery if severe.

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21
Q

What is a Colles’ fracture?

A

A fracture of the distal radius with dorsal displacement.

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22
Q

Complications of Colles’ fracture?

A

Stiffness, nerve injury, tendon rupture, arthritis.

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23
Q

Interventions for Colles’ fracture?

A

Casting, splinting, range of motion exercises, strengthening exercises.

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24
Q

How is ROM (Range of Motion) documented?

A

By measuring the degrees of movement in a joint using a goniometer.

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25
Q

What is the Biomechanical Frame of Reference?

A

A theoretical approach focusing on the mechanics of movement and the body’s musculoskeletal system.

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26
Q

OT interventions for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)?

A

Joint protection techniques, energy conservation, adaptive equipment, pain management.

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27
Q

OT interventions for Osteoarthritis (OA)?

A

Strengthening exercises, joint protection, pain management, use of orthotics.

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28
Q

Common deformities in RA?

A

Swan neck, boutonniere, ulnar drift.

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29
Q

Treatment for shoulder impingement?

A

Rest, anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, stretching and strengthening exercises.

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30
Q

Interventions for rotator cuff tears?

A

Physical therapy, strengthening exercises, activity modification, possible surgery.

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31
Q

Precautions for Total Hip Replacement (THR)?

A

Avoid hip flexion beyond 90 degrees, no crossing legs, no internal rotation of the hip.

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32
Q

ADLs and transfers for THR patients?

A

Use of assistive devices, adaptive techniques for dressing, bathing, and mobility.

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33
Q

What is pursed lip breathing?

A

A technique to slow down breathing and improve air exchange by inhaling through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips.

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34
Q

What are energy conservation techniques?

A

Pacing activities, taking rest breaks, using assistive devices, planning ahead.

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35
Q

Signs of Stage 1 decubitus ulcer?

A

Non-blanchable redness on intact skin.

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36
Q

Signs of Stage 2 decubitus ulcer?

A

Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis.

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37
Q

Signs of Stage 3 decubitus ulcer?

A

Full-thickness skin loss, possibly extending into subcutaneous tissue.

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38
Q

Signs of Stage 4 decubitus ulcer?

A

Full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.

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39
Q

Purpose of a low load prolonged stretch in OT?

A

To improve flexibility and reduce contractures in patients with joint stiffness.

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40
Q

When is dynamic splinting indicated?

A

For conditions requiring controlled motion to aid in functional recovery.

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41
Q

Benefits of a Giv Mohr sling for patients?

A

Provides support and reduces subluxation in the shoulder after stroke or injury.

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42
Q

Initial intervention for elbow fracture?

A

Immobilization and pain management.

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43
Q

Rehabilitation focus for elbow fractures?

A

Restoring range of motion and strength, preventing stiffness.

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44
Q

What is a common symptom of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

A

Numbness and tingling on 4th & 5th digits (ulnar side).

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45
Q

Importance of splinting in Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

A

To reduce compression of the ulnar nerve during elbow flexion.

46
Q

What is a common treatment goal for Colles’ fracture?

A

To restore wrist function and strength.

47
Q

ROM documentation should include which key elements?

A

Joint, direction of movement, degrees of motion, and any pain or restrictions.

48
Q

Core principle of the Biomechanical Frame of Reference?

A

Enhancing occupational performance through improving physical function.

49
Q

Key intervention for RA deformities?

A

Use of splints to prevent further deformity and reduce pain.

50
Q

Main focus of OT intervention for shoulder conditions?

A

Pain management, improving range of motion, and strengthening shoulder muscles.

51
Q

What is the first step in donning PPE?

A

Perform hand hygiene.

52
Q

How do you assess for dyspnea during an OT evaluation?

A

Ask the patient to rate their breathlessness on a scale of 0 to 10.

53
Q

What does the ‘S’ in a SOAP note represent?

A

Subjective information provided by the patient.

54
Q

What does the ‘O’ in a SOAP note represent?

A

Objective data observed or measured by the therapist.

55
Q

What is a key symptom of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

A

Unilateral leg swelling.

56
Q

What is the normal range for adult heart rate?

A

60-100 beats per minute.

57
Q

How would you respond to a patient showing signs of DVT?

A

Alert medical staff immediately and avoid moving the affected limb.

58
Q

Describe a Stage 2 pressure ulcer.

A

Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis.

59
Q

What is an OT intervention for Stage 1 pressure ulcers?

A

Frequent repositioning and use of pressure-relieving devices.

60
Q

What is the purpose of a low load prolonged stretch?

A

To gradually lengthen shortened soft tissues.

61
Q

Why is a 90-degree angle important in dynamic splinting outrigger?

A

It provides optimal force distribution for joint movement.

62
Q

What is a Giv Mohr sling used for?

A

To support and protect the shoulder and arm in hemiplegic patients.

63
Q

What is a potential complication of elbow fractures?

A

Nerve injury, particularly to the ulnar nerve.

64
Q

What is a key intervention for cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

Night splinting to keep the elbow in extension.

65
Q

What is a common cause of Colles’ fracture?

A

A fall on an outstretched hand.

66
Q

How should range of motion (ROM) be documented?

A

In degrees, noting any pain or limitations.

67
Q

What is the focus of the Biomechanical Frame of Reference?

A

Improving movement, strength, and endurance to enhance occupational performance.

68
Q

What is an effective OT intervention for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

A

Joint protection techniques and energy conservation strategies.

69
Q

What is a common deformity in rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Swan neck deformity.

70
Q

What is the primary precaution after a total hip replacement (THR)?

A

Avoid hip flexion beyond 90 degrees.

71
Q

What is a benefit of pursed lip breathing?

A

It helps to control breathing and reduce shortness of breath.

72
Q

What should be included in an energy conservation technique plan?

A

Prioritizing tasks and taking frequent breaks.

73
Q

What is the role of a static orthosis?

A

To immobilize a joint or body part to allow for healing.

74
Q

Describe the symptoms of Stage 3 pressure ulcers.

A

Full-thickness skin loss, possibly exposing fat tissue.

75
Q

What is an important OT intervention for osteoarthritis (OA)?

A

Use of adaptive equipment to reduce joint stress during activities.

76
Q

What is the typical presentation of a Colles’ fracture?

A

Dorsal displacement of the distal radius.

77
Q

How is dyspnea quantified during an assessment?

A

Using a scale or asking the patient to describe their level of breathlessness.

78
Q

What are the components of a COAST goal?

A

Client, Occupation, Assist level, Specific condition, Timeline.

79
Q

What should be monitored during an intervention for cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

Signs of increased nerve compression or worsening symptoms.

80
Q

What is an indication for using a low load prolonged stretch?

A

To address contractures and improve joint range of motion.

81
Q

What is the primary goal of conservative treatment for RTC conditions?

A

To alleviate pain and improve function through activity modification and home exercise programs.

82
Q

Name two activity modifications for RTC conditions.

A

Avoid overhead reaching and lifting heavy objects.

83
Q

List two types of exercises included in a home exercise program for RTC conditions.

A

Strengthening exercises for rotator cuff muscles and scapular stabilizers, and stretching exercises for shoulder flexibility.

84
Q

What are two pain management techniques for conservative RTC treatment?

A

Ice and heat application.

85
Q

What is the focus during Phase 1 of post-operative RTC treatment?

A

Gentle passive range of motion (PROM) exercises to prevent stiffness and pain management.

86
Q

What is introduced during Phase 2 of post-operative RTC treatment?

A

Active-assisted range of motion (AAROM) and submaximal isometrics.

87
Q

What exercises are emphasized during Phase 3 of post-operative RTC treatment?

A

Active range of motion (AROM) and progressive resistance exercises.

88
Q

What are the three primary THR (Total Hip Replacement) precautions?

A

Avoid hip flexion > 90 degrees, hip adduction, and hip internal rotation.

89
Q

What does BLT stand for in spinal precautions?

A

Bending, Lifting, Twisting.

90
Q

Name one common assessment for lateral epicondylitis.

A

Pain at the lateral epicondyle with gripping or wrist extension.
aka Tennis Elbow

91
Q

What is a key intervention for lateral epicondylitis?

A

Wrist extension splint to reduce strain.

92
Q

What therapeutic exercises are recommended for lateral epicondylitis?

A

Stretching and strengthening exercises for the extensor muscles.

93
Q

What is a positive Tinel’s sign indicative of?

A

Cubital tunnel syndrome.

94
Q

What activity modification is recommended for cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

Avoid prolonged elbow flexion

95
Q

What type of splint is used for cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

Elbow extension splint at night.

96
Q

What are nerve gliding exercises used for?

A

To manage cubital tunnel syndrome.

97
Q

What is a common initial treatment for elbow fractures?

A

Immobilization through splinting or casting.

98
Q

What is the focus of therapeutic exercises post-immobilization for elbow fractures?

A

Gradual range of motion (ROM) exercises followed by strengthening.

99
Q

What does heterotopic ossification (HO) involve?

A

Pain and stiffness due to abnormal bone growth in soft tissue.

100
Q

What complication should be monitored for in elbow fractures?

A

Heterotopic ossification (HO).

101
Q

What is the role of occupational therapists in managing RTC conditions?

A

Providing education, activity modification, splinting, therapeutic exercises, and pain management.

102
Q

What is the key focus in evaluating clients with RTC conditions?

A

Assessing range of motion, strength, and functional impact on daily activities.

103
Q

How do OTs assist clients post-THR surgery?

A

Educating on precautions, modifying activities, and recommending adaptive equipment.

104
Q

What ergonomic adjustments can OTs suggest for cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

Modifying workstations to reduce strain on the elbow.

105
Q

Why are progressive resistance exercises important in post-operative RTC treatment?

A

To restore strength and function to the shoulder.

106
Q

What is the main precaution for clients with spinal conditions?

A

Avoiding activities that involve bending, lifting, or twisting the spine.

107
Q

How can OTs help clients with lateral epicondylitis in their daily activities?

A

By recommending activity modifications to avoid repetitive wrist extension and gripping.

108
Q

What type of education might OTs provide to clients with elbow fractures?

A

Education on proper techniques for using splints and safe exercise progression.

109
Q

What is a common intervention for managing pain in RTC conditions?

A

Using modalities like ultrasound or TENS.

110
Q

What role do OTs play in the rehabilitation of elbow conditions?

A

Assessing and treating pain, improving range of motion, and restoring functional use of the arm.

AOP 2 (9 decks)

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