Study Guide Flashcards
While there is great debate about just when the first americans migrated from asia to North America, modern anthropologists agree that ___ made the trip possible
the bering land bridge that connected siberia to North America
When does geological evidence indicate that various peoples were living in every part of North America and South America?
14,000 years ago
What did the disappearance of the bering land bridge mean for further human migration from alaska to the southern tip of South America?
any further migration had to be done by boat
What different things illustrated the diversity of the American Indian cultures in north america in the 1400s?
American Indians had 500-600 different languages, different social structures, hunting and farming methods, and spiritual understandings
What caused American Indian populations to ebb and flow?
success and failure in war and spread of disease
The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 resolved the completing claims in the Americas of which two European countries?
Spain and Portugal
What conclusion did explorer Amerigo Vespucci reach after his three or four voyages across the Atlantic following those of columbus?
that the land mass was a new continent, Martin the mapmaker called it America in his honor
What was the most devastating and deadly action undertaken by the immediate successors of columbus in their interactions with American Indians?
brought european diseases that american indians were not immune to
The following was true of the development of the nations in Europe in the 1400s and 1500s except
A. broad religious freedom and peace generally prevailed among the newly created European nations in Europe during the 1400s and 1500s
B. they overcame obstacles of geographical distance and difficulty of travel that might have discouraged their development
C. they became more important and commonplace by the late 1400s as Spain, France, Sweden Scotland, and England were united by the respective monarchies
D. they became major and influential political organizations replacing both the smaller kingdoms and city-states
A. broad religious freedom and peace generally prevailed among the newly created European nations in Europe during the 1400s and 1500s
What did the expeditions of Verrazano and Cartier have in common?
friendly interactions with Indians
How did the Puritans distinguish themselves from the Anglicans and Catholics in England?
Puritans wanted a radical religious change to purify the church of England
The first effort by the English to establish a permanent settlement in North America was a short-lived, failed effort 1587 to establish a new colony at?
the Chesapeake Bay
What problems plagued the effort to establish a permanent colony of Roanoke in the late 1580s by Walter Raleigh and his English colonists?
Hostile Indians
What was the ultimate fate of the English colony at Roanoke?
considered the “lost colony”
Which of the following constituted the spread of the settlement pattern for atlantic coast North American European colonies from 1607-1639?
A. no similar pattern of the spread of colonies for the Atlantic Coast of North America existed during this period
B. beginning with very large settlements close to the coast and then spreading into the interior with a smaller colony or colonies
C. beginning with very small settlements close to the coast and then spreading into the interior as a larger colony or colonies
D. beginning with very small colonies close the interior and then spreading into the coast with a smaller colony or colonies
C. beginning with very small settlements close to the coast and then spreading into the interior as a larger colony or colonies
Why was Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676 a major turning point in the history of slavery in Virginia?
wealthy landowners began to prefer african slave labor over white indentured servants
The fur trade in the Saint Lawrence River Valley and the Great Lakes contributed to the following except
A. the arrival of Jesuit missionaries intent on converting the Hurons to Christianity
B. annihilation of the Hurons as a recognizable Indian tribe by 1648
C. an abatement of tensions and armed conflicts between the Iroquois and New France colonists
D. the establishment by of Quebec and Montreal as permanent settlements in Canada
C. an abatement of tensions and armed conflicts between the Iroquois and New France colonists
What was the Spanish response from 1769 through the 1790s to English explorations and Russian fur-trading activities on the Pacific coast?
creating a string of Spanish, missions, forts, and settlements from San Diego to San Francisco and develop the economy of California
Which events illustrated that freedom of speech and freedom of press were considered by British colonists in North America to be basic to their rights as residents of British colonies?
repeal of seditious libel laws
What were the consequences of the Glorious Revolution in England after 1689?
limited power of the king, provided protections for English subjects
In the late 1600s and early 1700s, the institution of slavery became linked most closely to ___
race
Which of the following statements accurately reflected the extent to which slavery had become institutionalized in the southern colonies of North America?
A. By 1700, American Indians and southern colonies were increasingly being cast Into slavery to support the tobacco and rice economy
B. By 1700, a moderate majority of tobacco and rice workers in Virginia and the Carolinas were African slaves rather than indentured servants
C. By 1700, nearly all tobacco and rice workers in Virginia and the Carolinas were African slaves
D. By 1700, a narrow majority of tobacco and rice workers in Virginia and the Carolinas were African slaves rather than indentured servants
C. By 1700, nearly all tobacco and rice workers in Virginia and the Carolinas were African slaves
What distinguished the lives of urban women from the lives of most rural women in the colonies during the late 1600s and early 1700s?
Urban women had more opportunity for social contact with other women and men than those living in rural areas
What were the outcomes of the Seven Years’ War?
Britain took over most of France’s’ North American territories
What argument did the British government make to justify to the colonists assessing new taxes on the North American colonists after 1763?
French and Indian war had protected the American colonists and they should pay their fair share to defer the wars cost
American Revolutionary leaders borrowed philosophical ideas from which philosophers and political rebels to justify the overthrow of unjust authorities?
John Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu
What was the name for the evolving body of ideas during this era that supported a broad distribution of power to people and the right of the people to determine how and by whom they would be governed?
republicanism
As unrest in the colonies grew in 1774 and 1775, the british authorities took what steps to assert control in the colonies?
declaring martial law in Boston
What was the name of the rebellion of debt-ridden farmers in western Massachusetts in the winter of 1786-1787 against the Massachusetts state government’s efforts to tax them?
Shays’ Rebellion
What were the accomplishments of the Northwest Ordinance?
Chartered a government for Northwest territory, listed the Bill of Rights, gave a method for admitting new states to the Union from territory
What could be considered the outcome of the efforts of Abigail Adams and others in advancing female equality in the Revolutionary era?
Attitudes of men and women began to shift towards granting women more opportunities for education
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Made it hard to pass laws, needed unanimous approval of all states to amend articles, weakened governments power and ability to tax
