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Phlebotomy > Study Guide > Flashcards

Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

How far above the draw site should the tourniquet be tied?

A

3-4 inches above

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2
Q

Which area would you draw a PKU test on an infant?

A

On the heel or from urine

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3
Q

What is the additive in the light blue top tube?

A

Sodium Citrate

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4
Q

Define Neonate

A

relating to or affecting the newborn and especially the human infant during the 1st month after birth

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5
Q

What does laypersons terms mean?

A

in words that someone who is not an expert can understand

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6
Q

which way should the bevel face when entering the arm?

A

up

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7
Q

what tube contains a preservative and an anticoagulant?

A

Gray top

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8
Q

Who usually draws an Arterial Blood Gas? What are 4 things they are looking for in the blood?

A

Respiratory therapist, nurse, or physician

  1. ) blood ph lvls
  2. ) blood CO2 lvls
  3. )blood oxygen lvls
  4. )blood bicarbonate lvls
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9
Q

Which tubes contain anticoagulants? And of those tubes write the anticoagulant

A 
Lavender; EDTA
Mint green; lithium heparin
dark green; sodium heparin
royal blue w/ lavender; EDTA
light blue; sodium citrate
gray; sodium flouride and potassium oxalate
pink; EDTA and potassium
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10
Q

What is implied consent?

A

when the patients actions permit the procedure w/out verbal or written consent

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11
Q

What two gloves can be used if latex gloves cause skin allergens for your patient?

A

vinyl or nitrile

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12
Q

what is another word for a winged infusion set?

A

butterfly needle

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13
Q

what does QNS stand for?

A

quantity not sufficient

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14
Q

what is creatinine clearance? how must it be stored?

A

24 hour urine and serum test. refrigerated

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15
Q

is cavicide used to cleanse an area on a patient for venipuncture?

A

not usually

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16
Q

if you get an accident needle stick on your finger with a used butterfly needle,, what is your next course of action?

A
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17
Q

if the sharps container is overflowing when you come into shift, what should you do?

A

report it to a surpervisor

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18
Q

all healthcare workers are required to vaccinate or sign a declination form for which virus?

A

hepatitis b

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19
Q

what is ETOH?

A

Ethanol

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20
Q

what is protective isolation?

A

keep susceptible patients isolated as not to infect them w/ a disease or infection we have or may be carrying from the outside

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21
Q

what is informed consent?

A

a competent person gives voluntary permission for medical procedure

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22
Q

what tube should you draw a APPT in?

A

light blue

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23
Q

What is the proper way to identify a patient?

A

Ask them to state their full name and DOB, and check the ID band

24
Q

What is LIS

A

A laboratory information system, used to order test, print label, and enter test results

25
Q

what is the correct way to end a venipuncture?

A

remove tourniquet, remove tube, hover gauze, remove needle, activate safety

26
Q

if a person is having a syncopal episode what is the most important thing to do?

A

remove the needle immediately

27
Q

raised red blotches on the skin after tourniquet placement may be a sign of what? what should you do?

A
28
Q

are you ever allowed to tell the patient their results?

A

no

29
Q

if a patient declines treatment, what should you do?

A

tell your supervisor

30
Q

if a patient ask what test have been ordered do you have to tell them?

A

yes

31
Q

what is the easiest and most effective way to break the chain of transmission?

A

washing your hands

32
Q

what is the most common cause for blood culture contamination?

A

improper draw site

33
Q

what is the correct order of draw for a blood culture, APPT, CBC, ESR, LYTES, and CMP

A

sterile bottles, light blue, SST, mint green, lavender, lavender

34
Q

Explain the 4 types of OSHA violations?

A

Complaint – official complaint form from an employee
fatality/accidental- three or more employees hospitalized or a fatal incident
programmed – random checks
imminent danger -dangerous work environments

35
Q

semen must reach the lab in what time frame?

A

60 min

36
Q

if you draw a sample for culture and sensitivity, which section of the lab would receive it?

A

microbiology

37
Q

CBCs should never be…

A

centrifuged

38
Q

what does an icteric specimen look like?

A

greenish/brown

39
Q

What does OSHA stand for? what do they do?

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration. They ensure safety at work and a healthful environment, prevent work related injuries, illness, and death

40
Q

What does CLSI stand for? what do they do?

A

Clinical and laboratory standards institute. Promote the development and use of voluntary laboratory consensus standards and guidelines within health care community

41
Q

What is H. Pylori test? What are the steps?

A

breath test

patients should not talk or consume anything after between the baseline breath test and final breath test

42
Q

What is another name for MSDS?

A

SDS, safety data sheet

43
Q

what is the difference between PTT and APPT?

A

In a APPT there is an activator added that speeds up the clotting time resulting in a narrower reference range

44
Q

Battery

A

unauthorized touching, not that it be intended to harm the person; lack of consent

45
Q

CLIA

A

Clinical laboratory improvement amendments of 1988 are federal regulatory standards that apply to all clinical laboratory testing performed on humans

46
Q

d-dimer

A

test used to rule out the presence of an inappropriate blood clot, thrombus

47
Q

hemolysis

A

breaking of red blood cell membrane. usually the result of using a smaller needle than required

48
Q

MSDS

A

document containing info on potential health effects of exposure to chemicals or other potentially dangerous substances

49
Q

O & P

A

Ova and parasite, detects parasites present in stool sample

50
Q

petechia

A

tiny, non raised red spots on skin due to tourniquet being to tight or on too long

51
Q

how to help with difficult draws:

A 
pre warm the site
palpate the site with alcohol
tighter tourniquet
lower the arm
hydrate the patient
flex the arm
52
Q

where do you draw when a patient has an IV

A

ALWAYS BELOW THE IV SITE

53
Q

If a patient had a mastectomy..

A

avoid drawing from the associated arm , if a double mastectomy draw from the foot

54
Q

what is the most common complication from phlebotomy?

A

hematoma

55
Q

what causes a hematoma?

A

bevel is not entirely in vein, some blood releases in tissue under skin
going through the vein and pulling back out
if this happens, then stop immediately, apply pressure, and ice it

Phlebotomy (9 decks)

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