Study Guide 101-200 Flashcards by Chalon Christianna

After reviewing the following vulnerability scanning report:
A security analyst performs the following test:
Which of the following would the security analyst conclude for this reported vulnerability?
● A. It is a false positive.
● B. A rescan is required.
● C. It is considered noise.
● D. Compensating controls exist.

A. It is a false positive.

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An organization disabled unneeded services and placed a firewall in front of a business-critical
legacy system. Which of the following best describes the actions taken by the organization?
● A. Exception
● B. Segmentation
● C. Risk transfer
● D. Compensating controls

D. Compensating controls

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A security consultant needs secure, remote access to a client environment. Which of the
following should the security consultant most likely use to gain access?
● A. EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol)
● B. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
● C. IPSec (Internet Protocol Security)
● D. NAT (Network Address Translation)

C. IPSec

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Which of the following should a systems administrator use to ensure an easy deployment of
resources within the cloud provider?
● A. Software as a service
● B. Infrastructure as code
● C. Internet of Things
● D. Software-defined networking

B. Infrastructure as code

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After a security awareness training session, a user called the IT help desk and reported a
suspicious call. The suspicious caller stated that the Chief Financial Officer wanted credit card
information in order to close an invoice. Which of the following topics did the user recognize
from the training?
● A. Insider threat
● B. Email phishing
● C. Social engineering
● D. Executive whaling

C. Social engineering

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A security administrator is deploying a DLP solution to prevent the exfiltration of sensitive
customer data. Which of the following should the administrator do first?
● A. Block access to cloud storage websites.
● B. Create a rule to block outgoing email attachments.
● C. Apply classifications to the data.
● D. Remove all user permissions from shares on the file server.

C. Apply classifications to the data.

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An administrator assists the legal and compliance team with ensuring information about
customer transactions is archived for the proper time period. Which of the following data policies
is the administrator carrying out?
● A. Compromise
● B. Retention
● C. Analysis
● D. Transfer
● E. Inventory

B. Retention

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A company is working with a vendor to perform a penetration test. Which of the following
includes an estimate about the number of hours required to complete the engagement?
● A. SOW (Statement of Work)
● B. BPA (Business Partnership Agreement)
● C. SLA (Service Level Agreement)
● D. NDA (Non Disclosure Agreement)

A. SOW

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A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) wants to explicitly raise awareness about the
increase of ransomware-as-a-service in a report to the management team. Which of the
following best describes the threat actor in the CISO’s report?
● A. Insider threat
● B. Hacktivist
● C. Nation-state
● D. Organized crime

D. Organized crime

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Which of the following practices would be best to prevent an insider from introducing malicious
code into a company’s development process?
● A. Code scanning for vulnerabilities
● B. Open-source component usage
● C. Quality assurance testing
● D. Peer review and approval

D. Peer review and approval

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Which of the following can best protect against an employee inadvertently installing malware on
a company system?
● A. Host-based firewall
● B. System isolation
● C. Least privilege
● D. Application allow list

D. Application allow list

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A company is adding a clause to its AUP that states employees are not allowed to modify the
operating system on mobile devices. Which of the following vulnerabilities is the organization
addressing?
● A. Cross-site scripting
● B. Buffer overflow
● C. Jailbreaking
● D. Side loading

C. Jailbreaking

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Which of the following would be the best ways to ensure only authorized personnel can access
a secure facility? (Choose two.)
● A. Fencing
● B. Video surveillance
● C. Badge access
● D. Access control vestibule
● E. Sign-in sheet
● F. Sensor

C. Badge access
D. Access control vestibule

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An organization would like to store customer data on a separate part of the network that is not
accessible to users on the main corporate network. Which of the following should the
administrator use to accomplish this goal?
● A. Segmentation
● B. Isolation
● C. Patching
● D. Encryption

A. Segmentation

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Which of the following is the most common data loss path for an air-gapped network?
● A. Bastion host
● B. Unsecured Bluetooth
● C. Unpatched OS
● D. Removable devices

D. Removable devices

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Malware spread across a company’s network after an employee visited a compromised industry
blog. Which of the following best describes this type of attack?
● A. Impersonation
● B. Disinformation
● C. Watering-hole
● D. Smishing

C. Watering-hole

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An organization is struggling with scaling issues on its VPN concentrator and internet circuit due
to remote work. The organization is looking for a software solution that will allow it to reduce
traffic on the VPN and internet circuit, while still providing encrypted tunnel access to the data
center and monitoring of remote employee internet traffic. Which of the following will help
achieve these objectives?
● A. Deploying a SASE (Secure Access Service Edge) solution to remote employees
● B. Building a load-balanced VPN solution with redundant internet
● C. Purchasing a low-cost SD-WAN (Software Defined Wide Area Network) solution for VPN traffic
● D. Using a cloud provider to create additional VPN concentrators

A. Deploying a SASE solution to remote employees

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Which of the following is the best reason to complete an audit in a banking environment?
● A. Regulatory requirement
● B. Organizational change
● C. Self-assessment requirement
● D. Service-level requirement

A. Regulatory requirement

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Which of the following security concepts is the best reason for permissions on a human
resources fileshare to follow the principle of least privilege?
● A. Integrity
● B. Availability
● C. Confidentiality
● D. Non-repudiation

C. Confidentiality

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Which of the following are cases in which an engineer should recommend the decommissioning
of a network device? (Choose two.)
● A. The device has been moved from a production environment to a test environment.
● B. The device is configured to use cleartext passwords.
● C. The device is moved to an isolated segment on the enterprise network.
● D. The device is moved to a different location in the enterprise.
● E. The device’s encryption level cannot meet organizational standards.
● F. The device is unable to receive authorized updates.

E. The device’s encryption level cannot meet organizational standards.
F. The device is unable to receive authorized updates.

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A company is required to perform a risk assessment on an annual basis. Which of the following
types of risk assessments does this requirement describe?
● A. Continuous
● B. Ad hoc
● C. Recurring
● D. One time

C. Recurring

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After a recent ransomware attack on a company’s system, an administrator reviewed the log
files. Which of the following control types did the administrator use?
● A. Compensating
● B. Detective
● C. Preventive
● D. Corrective

B. Detective

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Which of the following exercises should an organization use to improve its incident response
process?
● A. Tabletop
● B. Replication
● C. Failover
● D. Recovery

A. Tabletop

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Which of the following best ensures minimal downtime and data loss for organizations with
critical computing equipment located in earthquake-prone areas?
● A. Generators and UPS
● B. Off-site replication
● C. Redundant cold sites
● D. High availability networking

B. Off-site replication

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A newly identified network access vulnerability has been found in the OS of legacy IoT devices. Which of the following would best mitigate this vulnerability quickly? ● A. Insurance ● B. Patching ● C. Segmentation ● D. Replacement

C. Segmentation

After an audit, an administrator discovers all users have access to confidential data on a file server. Which of the following should the administrator use to restrict access to the data quickly? ● A. Group Policy ● B. Content filtering ● C. Data loss prevention ● D. Access control lists

D. Access control lists

A client demands at least 99.99% uptime from a service provider's hosted security services. Which of the following documents includes the information the service provider should return to the client? ● A. MOA (Memorandum of Agreement) ● B. SOW (Statement of Work) ● C. MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) ● D. SLA (Service Level Agreement)

D. SLA (Service Level Agreement)

A company is discarding a classified storage array and hires an outside vendor to complete the disposal. Which of the following should the company request from the vendor? ● A. Certification ● B. Inventory list ● C. Classification ● D. Proof of ownership

A. Certification

A company is planning a disaster recovery site and needs to ensure that a single natural disaster would not result in the complete loss of regulated backup data. Which of the following should the company consider? ● A. Geographic dispersion ● B. Platform diversity ● C. Hot site ● D. Load balancing

A. Geographic dispersion

A security analyst locates a potentially malicious video file on a server and needs to identify both the creation date and the file's creator. Which of the following actions would most likely give the security analyst the information required? ● A. Obtain the file's SHA-256 hash. ● B. Use hexdump on the file's contents. ● C. Check endpoint logs. ● D. Query the file's metadata.

D. Query the file's metadata.

Which of the following teams combines both offensive and defensive testing techniques to protect an organization's critical systems? ● A. Red ● B. Blue ● C. Purple ● D. Yellow

C. Purple

A small business uses kiosks on the sales floor to display product information for customers. A security team discovers the kiosks use end-of-life operating systems. Which of the following is the security team most likely to document as a security implication of the current architecture? ● A. Patch availability ● B. Product software compatibility ● C. Ease of recovery ● D. Cost of replacement

A. Patch availability

Which of the following would help ensure a security analyst is able to accurately measure the overall risk to an organization when a new vulnerability is disclosed? ● A. A full inventory of all hardware and software ● B. Documentation of system classifications ● C. A list of system owners and their departments ● D. Third-party risk assessment documentation

A. A full inventory of all hardware and software

Which of the following best practices gives administrators a set period to perform changes to an operational system to ensure availability and minimize business impacts? ● A. Impact analysis ● B. Scheduled downtime ● C. Backout plan ● D. Change management boards

B. Scheduled downtime

A company must ensure sensitive data at rest is rendered unreadable. Which of the following will the company most likely use? ● A. Hashing ● B. Tokenization ● C. Encryption ● D. Segmentation

C. Encryption

A legacy device is being decommissioned and is no longer receiving updates or patches. Which of the following describes this scenario? ● A. End of business ● B. End of testing ● C. End of support ● D. End of life

D. End of life

A bank insists all of its vendors must prevent data loss on stolen laptops. Which of the following strategies is the bank requiring? ● A. Encryption at rest ● B. Masking ● C. Data classification ● D. Permission restrictions

A. Encryption at rest

A company's end users are reporting that they are unable to reach external websites. After reviewing the performance data for the DNS severs, the analyst discovers that the CPU, disk, and memory usage are minimal, but the network interface is flooded with inbound traffic. Network logs show only a small number of DNS queries sent to this server. Which of the following best describes what the security analyst is seeing? ● A. Concurrent session usage ● B. Secure DNS cryptographic downgrade ● C. On-path resource consumption ● D. Reflected denial of service

D. Reflected denial of service

A systems administrator wants to prevent users from being able to access data based on their responsibilities. The administrator also wants to apply the required access structure via a simplified format. Which of the following should the administrator apply to the site recovery resource group? ● A. RBAC (Role Based Access Control) ● B. ACL (Access Control List) ● C. SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language) ● D. GPO (Group Policy Object)

A. RBAC

During the onboarding process, an employee needs to create a password for an intranet account. The password must include ten characters, numbers, and letters, and two special characters. Once the password is created, the company will grant the employee access to other company-owned websites based on the intranet profile. Which of the following access management concepts is the company most likely using to safeguard intranet accounts and grant access to multiple sites based on a user's intranet account? (Choose two.) ● A. Federation ● B. Identity proofing ● C. Password complexity ● D. Default password changes ● E. Password manager ● F. Open authentication

A. Federation C. Password complexity

Question #141 Topic 1 Which of the following describes a security alerting and monitoring tool that collects system, application, and network logs from multiple sources in a centralized system? ● A. SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) ● B. DLP (Data Loss Prevention) ● C. IDS (Intrusion Detection System) ● D. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

A. SIEM

A network manager wants to protect the company's VPN by implementing multifactor authentication that uses: Something you know - Something you have - Something you are - Which of the following would accomplish the manager's goal? ● A. Domain name, PKI, GeoIP lookup ● B. VPN IP address, company ID, facial structure ● C. Password, authentication token, thumbprint ● D. Company URL, TLS certificate, home address

C. Password, authentication token, thumbprint

Which of the following would be the best way to handle a critical business application that is running on a legacy server? ● A. Segmentation ● B. Isolation ● C. Hardening ● D. Decommissioni

A. Segmentation

Which of the following vulnerabilities is exploited when an attacker overwrites a register with a malicious address? ● A. VM escape ● B. SQL injection ● C. Buffer overflow ● D. Race condition

C. Buffer overflow

after a company was compromised, customers initiated a lawsuit. The company's attorneys have requested that the security team initiate a legal hold in response to the lawsuit. Which of the following describes the action the security team will most likely be required to take? ● A. Retain the emails between the security team and affected customers for 30 days. ● B. Retain any communications related to the security breach until further notice. ● C. Retain any communications between security members during the breach response. ● D. Retain all emails from the company to affected customers for an indefinite period of time.

B. Retain any communications related to the security breach until further notice.

Which of the following describes the process of concealing code or text inside a graphical image? ● A. Symmetric encryption ● B. Hashing ● C. Data masking ● D. Steganography

D. Steganography

An employee receives a text message from an unknown number claiming to be the company’s Chief Executive Officer and asking the employee to purchase several gift cards. Which of the following types of attacks does this describe? ● A. Vishing ● B. Smishing ● C. Pretexting ● D. Phishing

B. Smishing

Which of the following risk management strategies should an enterprise adopt first if a legacy application is critical to business operations and there are preventative controls that are not yet implemented? ● A. Mitigate ● B. Accept ● C. Transfer ● D. Avoid

A. Mitigate

Visitors to a secured facility are required to check in with a photo ID and enter the facility through an access control vestibule. Which of the following best describes this form of security control? ● A. Physical ● B. Managerial ● C. Technical ● D. Operational

A. Physical

The local administrator account for a company's VPN appliance was unexpectedly used to log in to the remote management interface. Which of the following would have most likely prevented this from happening? ● A. Using least privilege ● B. Changing the default password ● C. Assigning individual user IDs ● D. Reviewing logs more frequently

B. Changing the default password

Which of the following is the best way to secure an on-site data center against intrusion from an insider? A. Bollards B. Access badge C. Motion sensor D. Video surveillance

B. Access badge

An engineer moved to another team and is unable to access the new team's shared folders while still being able to access the shared folders from the former team. After opening a ticket, the engineer discovers that the account was never moved to the new group. Which of the following access controls is most likely causing the lack of access? A. Role-based B. Discretionary C. Time of day D. Least privilege

A. Role-based

Which of the following factors are the most important to address when formulating a training curriculum plan for a security awareness program? (Choose two.) A. Channels by which the organization communicates with customers B. The reporting mechanisms for ethics violations C. Threat vectors based on the industry in which the organization operates D. Secure software development training for all personnel E. Cadence and duration of training events F. Retraining requirements for individuals who fail phishing simulations

C. Threat vectors based on the industry in which the organization operates E. Cadence and duration of training events

A network administrator is working on a project to deploy a load balancer in the company's cloud environment. Which of the following fundamental security requirements does this project fulfil? A. Privacy B. Integrity C. Confidentiality D. Availability

D. Availability

A systems administrator is changing the password policy within an enterprise environment and wants this update implemented on all systems as quickly as possible. Which of the following operating system security measures will the administrator most likely use? A. Deploying PowerShell scripts B. Pushing GPO update (Group Policy Object) C. Enabling PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) D. Updating EDR profiles (Endpoint Detection and Response)

B. Pushing GPO update

Which of the following would be most useful in determining whether the long-term cost to transfer a risk is less than the impact of the risk? A. ARO(Annualized Rate of Occurence) B. RTO(Recovery Time Objective) C. RPO(Recovery Point Objective) D. ALE (Annualized Loss Expectancy) E. SLE (Single Loss Expectancy)

D. ALE

In order to strengthen a password and prevent a hacker from cracking it, a random string of 36 characters was added to the password. Which of the following best describes this technique? A. Key stretching B. Tokenization C. Data masking D. Salting

D. Salting

A technician is deploying a new security camera. Which of the following should the technician do? A. Configure the correct VLAN. B. Perform a vulnerability scan. C. Disable unnecessary ports. D. Conduct a site survey.

D. Conduct a site survey.

A company is experiencing a web services outage on the public network. The services are up and available but inaccessible. The network logs show a sudden increase in network traffic that is causing the outage. Which of the following attacks is the organization experiencing? A. ARP poisoning B. Brute force C. Buffer overflow D. DDoS

D. DDoS

Which of the following threat actors is the most likely to be motivated by profit? A. Hacktivist B. Insider threat C. Organized crime D. Shadow IT

C. Organized crime

An organization experiences a cybersecurity incident involving a command-and-control server. Which of the following logs should be analyzed to identify the impacted host? (Choose two.) A. Application B. Authentication C. DHCP D. Network E. Firewall F. Database

D. Network E. Firewall

During a penetration test, a vendor attempts to enter an unauthorized area using an access badge. Which of the following types of tests does this represent? A. Defensive B. Passive C. Offensive D. Physical

D. Physical

A systems administrator uses a key to encrypt a message being sent to a peer in a different branch office. The peer then uses the same key to decrypt the message. Which of the following describes this example? A. Symmetric B. Asymmetric C. Hashing D. Salting

A. Symmetric

A visitor plugs a laptop into a network jack in the lobby and is able to connect to the company's network. Which of the following should be configured on the existing network infrastructure to best prevent this activity? A. Port security B. Web application firewall C. Transport layer security D. Virtual private network

A. Port security

A security administrator is reissuing a former employee's laptop. Which of the following is the best combination of data handling activities for the administrator to perform? (Choose two.) A. Data retention B. Certification C. Destruction D. Classification E. Sanitization F. Enumeration

B. Certification E. Sanitization

A systems administrator would like to deploy a change to a production system. Which of the following must the administrator submit to demonstrate that the system can be restored to a working state in the event of a performance issue? A. Backout plan B. Impact analysis C. Test procedure D. Approval procedure

A. Backout plan

A company is redesigning its infrastructure and wants to reduce the number of physical servers in use. Which of the following architectures is best suited for this goal? A. Serverless B. Segmentation C. Virtualization D. Microservices

C. Virtualization

A bank set up a new server that contains customers' PII. Which of the following should the bank use to make sure the sensitive data is not modified? A. Full disk encryption B. Network access control C. File integrity monitoring D. User behavior analytics

C. File integrity monitoring

Users at a company are reporting they are unable to access the URL for a new retail website because it is flagged as gambling and is being blocked. Which of the following changes would allow users to access the site? A. Creating a firewall rule to allow HTTPS traffic B. Configuring the IPS to allow shopping C. Tuning the DLP rule that detects credit card data D. Updating the categorization in the content filter

D. Updating the categorization in the content filter

Which of the following most impacts an administrator's ability to address CVEs discovered on a server? A. Rescanning requirements B. Patch availability C. Organizational impact D. Risk toleranc

B. Patch availability

Which of the following describes effective change management procedures? A. Approving the change after a successful deployment B. Having a backout plan when a patch fails C. Using a spreadsheet for tracking changes D. Using an automatic change control bypass for security updates

B. Having a backout plan when a patch fails

The CIRT is reviewing an incident that involved a human resources recruiter exfiltrating sensitive company data. The CIRT found that the recruiter was able to use HTTP over port 53 to upload documents to a web server. Which of the following security infrastructure devices could have identified and blocked this activity? A. WAF utilizing SSL decryption B. NGFW utilizing application inspection C. UTM (Unified Threat Management) utilizing a threat feed D. SD-WAN utilizing IPSec

B. NGFW utilizing application inspection

An enterprise is working with a third party and needs to allow access between the internal networks of both parties for a secure file migration. The solution needs to ensure encryption is applied to all traffic that is traversing the networks. Which of the following solutions should most likely be implemented? A. EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) B. IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) C. SD-WAN (Software Defined Wide Area Network) D. TLS (Transport Layer Security)

B. IPSec

An administrator has identified and fingerprinted specific files that will generate an alert if an attempt is made to email these files outside of the organization. Which of the following best describes the tool the administrator is using? A. DLP (Data Loss Prevention) B. SNMP traps (Simple Network Management Protocol) C. SCAP(Security Content Automation Protocol) D. IPS (Intrustion Prevention System)

A. DLP

A software developer released a new application and is distributing application files via the developer's website. Which of the following should the developer post on the website to allow users to verify the integrity of the downloaded files? A. Hashes B. Certificates C. Algorithms D. Salting

A. Hashes

An organization wants to limit potential impact to its log-in database in the event of a breach. Which of the following options is the security team most likely to recommend? A. Tokenization B. Hashing C. Obfuscation D. Segmentation

B. Hashing

An administrator finds that all user workstations and servers are displaying a message that is associated with files containing an extension of .ryk. Which of the following types of infections is present on the systems? A. Virus B. Trojan C. Spyware D. Ransomware

D. Ransomware

A systems administrator is advised that an external web server is not functioning property. The administrator reviews the following firewall logs containing traffic going to the web server: Which of the following attacks is likely occurring? A. DDoS B. Directory traversal C. Brute-force D. HTTPS downgrade

A. DDoS

An organization would like to calculate the time needed to resolve a hardware issue with a server. Which of the following risk management processes describes this example? A. Recovery point objective B. Mean time between failures C. Recovery time objective D. Mean time to repair

D. Mean time to repair

A security engineer is installing an IPS to block signature-based attacks in the environment. Which of the following modes will best accomplish this task? A. Monitor B. Sensor C. Audit D. Active

D. Active

An IT manager is increasing the security capabilities of an organization after a data classification initiative determined that sensitive data could be exfiltrated from the environment. Which of the following solutions would mitigate the risk? A. XDR (Extended Detection and Response) B. SPF(Sender Policy Framework) C. DLP(Data Loss Prevention) D. DMARC (Domain Based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance)

C. DLP

Which of the following is used to protect a computer from viruses, malware, and Trojans being installed and moving laterally across the network? A. IDS (Intrusion Detection System) B. ACL (Access Control List) C. EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) D. NAC(Network Access Control)

C. EDR

Client files can only be accessed by employees who need to know the information and have specified roles in the company. Which of the following best describes this security concept? A. Availability B. Confidentiality C. Integrity D. Non-repudiation

B. Confidentiality

Which of the following describes the category of data that is most impacted when it is lost? A. Confidential B. Public C. Private D. Critical

D. Critical

A new employee logs in to the email system for the first time and notices a message from human resources about onboarding. The employee hovers over a few of the links within the email and discovers that the links do not correspond to links associated with the company. Which of the following attack vectors is most likely being used? A. Business email B. Social engineering C. Unsecured network D. Default credentials

B. Social engineering

Which of the following describes the understanding between a company and a client about what will be provided and the accepted time needed to provide the company with the resources? A. SLA (Service Level Agreement) B. MOU(Memorandum of Understanding) C. MOA (Memorandum of Agreement) D. BPA (Business Partnership Agreement)

A. SLA

A company that is located in an area prone to hurricanes is developing a disaster recovery plan and looking at site considerations that allow the company to immediately continue operations. Which of the following is the best type of site for this company? A. Cold B. Tertiary C. Warm D. Hot

D. Hot

Which of the following security controls is most likely being used when a critical legacy server is segmented into a private network? A. Deterrent B. Corrective C. Compensating D. Preventive

C. Compensating

Which of the following best describes the practice of researching laws and regulations related to information security operations within a specific industry? A. Compliance reporting B. GDPR C. Due diligence D. Attestation

C. Due diligence

Which of the following considerations is the most important for an organization to evaluate as it establishes and maintains a data privacy program? A. Reporting structure for the data privacy officer B. Request process for data subject access C. Role as controller or processor D. Physical location of the company

C. Role as controller or processor

A security analyst is investigating a workstation that is suspected of outbound communication to a command-and-control server. During the investigation, the analyst discovered that logs on the endpoint were deleted. Which of the following logs would the analyst most likely look at next? A. IPS B. Firewall C. AСL D. Windows security

B. Firewall

An IT manager is putting together a documented plan describing how the organization will keep operating in the event of a global incident. Which of the following plans is the IT manager creating? A. Business continuity B. Physical security C. Change management D. Disaster recovery

A. Business continuity

A business needs a recovery site but does not require immediate failover. The business also wants to reduce the workload required to recover from an outage. Which of the following recovery sites is the best option? A. Hot B. Cold C. Warm D. Geographically dispersed

C. Warm

A security team is setting up a new environment for hosting the organization's on-premises software application as a cloud-based service. Which of the following should the team ensure is in place in order for the organization to follow security best practices? A. Virtualization and isolation of resources B. Network segmentation C. Data encryption D. Strong authentication policies

A. Virtualization and isolation of resources

A manager receives an email that contains a link to receive a refund. After hovering over the link, the manager notices that the domain's URL points to a suspicious link. Which of the following security practices helped the manager to identify the attack? A. End user training B. Policy review C. URL scanning D. Plain text email

A. End user training

A company wants to verify that the software the company is deploying came from the vendor the company purchased the software from. Which of the following is the best way for the company to confirm this information? A. Validate the code signature. B. Execute the code in a sandbox. C. Search the executable for ASCII strings. D. Generate a hash of the files.

A. Validate the code signature.

A systems administrator notices that one of the systems critical for processing customer transactions is running an end-of-life operating system. Which of the following techniques would increase enterprise security? A. Installing HIDS on the system B. Placing the system in an isolated VLAN C. Decommissioning the system D. Encrypting the system's hard drive

B. Placing the system in an isolated VLAN

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) at a large company would like to gain an understanding of how the company's security policies compare to the requirements imposed by external regulators. Which of the following should the CISO use? A. Penetration test B. Internal audit C. Attestation D. External examination

B. Internal audit

A systems administrator notices that the research and development department is not using the company VPN when accessing various company-related services and systems. Which of the following scenarios describes this activity? A. Espionage B. Data exfiltration C. Nation-state attack D. Shadow IT

D. Shadow IT

The marketing department set up its own project management software without telling the appropriate departments. Which of the following describes this scenario? A. Shadow IT B. Insider threat C. Data exfiltration D. Service disruption

A. Shadow IT