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Science Final Study Guide > Study Guide 100 Questions > Flashcards

Study Guide 100 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and a different number of

A

nuetrons

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2
Q

If a reaction in one direction releases energy, the reaction in the opposite direction

A

absorbs energy

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3
Q

Water molecules are polar, with the

A

oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly positive

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4
Q

A paleontologist would likely be most interested in finding

A

a universal Tree of Life

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5
Q

On 10% of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy, some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is

A

eliminated as heat

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6
Q

How do scientific theories compare to hypotheses?

A

Theories unify a broad range of observations and hypotheses

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7
Q

The total amount of living tissue withing a given trophic level is called the

A

biomass

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8
Q

The standard or English system of measurement uses units such as yards, miles, quarts, and gallons. The metric system uses units such as meters, kilometers, millimeters, and liters. Why is the metric system easier to use than the English system?

A

The metric system is based in multiples of 10

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9
Q

Why is creativity considered a scientific attitude?

A

Creativity helps scientists come up with different experiments

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10
Q

Which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live?

A

Chemosynthetic bacteria

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11
Q

The three particles that make up an atom are

A

protons, nuetrons, and electrons

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12
Q

Suppose that a scientific ideas is well-tested and can be used to make predictions in numerous new situations, but cannot explain one particular event. This idea is a

A

theory that may need revision

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13
Q

**Compared to land, the open oceans

A

are nutrient-poor environments

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14
Q

**A scientist working in which area of biology is MOST likely to study DNA?

A

information and heredity

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15
Q

During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests

A

a single variable

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16
Q

A word that means the same thing as consumer is

A

heterotroph

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17
Q

When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is

A

a product

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18
Q

Which property of water causes the curved surface

A

adhesion

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19
Q

What type of electron is available to form bonds

A

valence

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20
Q

Amino acid is to protein as

A

simple sugar is to starch

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21
Q

Matter can recycle through the biosphere because

A

biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it

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22
Q

**Which kind of biologist would most likely use satellite technology

A

global ecologist

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23
Q

The work of scientists usually begins with

A

careful observations

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24
Q

Plants are

A

primary producers

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25
Solutions that have more OH- than H+ ions are
bases
26
What does a reviewer do during peer-review
Checks for mistakes and bias
27
After a scientist publishes a paper, someone else finds evidence that the paper's hypothesis may not be correct. The scientist is unhappy, but studies the new evidence anyway. The scientist is showing which scientific attitude?
Open-mindedness
28
What kinds of atoms are bonded to carbon atoms in the molecule show
hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
29
Corn planted in a field that has been previously planted with legumes and then plowed under is likely to be
more productive because bacteria living on the roots of legumes fix nitrogen in the soil
30
Information gathered from observing a plant grown 3 cm over a two-week period is called
data
31
Figure 1-1 illustrates which characteristic of living things (its a food web)
Living things need material and energy
32
Because of biogeochemical cycling
nutrients are circulated throughout the biosphere
33
Cells in multicellular organisms have many different sizes and shapes. The differences in cells is called cell specialization. Cell specialization allows cells to
perform different functions
34
Which of the following is a question that can be answered by science
How does DNA influence a person's health? (No ethical)
35
A student sees a bee on a flower. The student wonders how the bee finds flowers. This student is displaying the scientific attitude of
curiosity
36
In a water molecule, shared electrons spend more time around the oxygen atom than the hydrogen atoms. As a result, the oxygen atom is
slightly negative
37
Why is carbon so special compared to other elements
Carbon atoms can bond to one another and form a lot of different structures
38
Why is carbon so special compared to other elements
Carbon atoms can bond to one another and form a lot of different sturctures
39
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
sharing electrons
40
Based on your observations, you suggest that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is
a hypothesis
41
A map of eastern North America, showing the pH of rainfall in the various states indicated that the pH of rain in New York State varies from 4.22 to 4.40. According to these figures, the most acidic rainfall in New York State has a pH of
4.22
42
Scientists will never know for sure why dinosaurs became extinct. Therefore, scientists should
continue to learn as much as they can about dinosaur extinction
43
Which of the following makes up a molecule of water
two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
44
A theory
may be revised or replaced
45
A chlorine atoms that has 17 protons and 18 nuetrons is called
chlorine-35
46
A mathematical formula designed to predict population fluctuations in a community could be called an
ecological model
47
In chemical reactions, atoms are
rearranged
48
What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons
positive
49
If the pH of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured
the pH of stomach acid would be below 7, but the pH of the oven cleaner would a above 7
50
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
Species make up populations, which make up communities SPCEBB
51
What is the term for each step of the transfer of energy and matter within the food web
trophic level
52
Biologists who work in the fields of genomics and molecular biology study
DNA
53
Suppose a scientist must choose whether to publish a report in a newspaper or in a peer-reviewed journal. What is the benefit of publishing in the journal?
The quality of the report will meet high scientific standards
54
Identify the reactants in the chemical reaction: CO2 + H2O = H2C03
CO2 and H20
55
A solution is a
mixture in which the substances are evenly spread out
56
Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why some North American birds fly south for the winter?
Living things respond to their environment
57
A substance with a pH of 6 is called
an acid
58
Science differs from other disciplines, such as history, and the arts, because science relies on
testing explanations
59
Which of the following is NOT a goal of science
to establish a collection of unchanging truths
60
The energy needed to get a reaction started is the
activation energy
61
Which term does NOT apply to sodium chloride (salt)
molecule
62
How are molecules bonded
covalently
63
A model of the complex feeding interactions among organisms in a community from producers to decomposers is called a
food web
64
A personal preference or point of view is
a bias
65
What are the smallest object that biologists study
molecules
66
What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemical
chemical reaction
67
In what way are herbivores and carnivores alike
they both obtain energy by consuming other organisms
68
Figure 1-2 shows that tree finches and ground finches are descended from a common ancestor. This example represents which big idea in biology
evolution
69
The movement of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because
energy flows in one direction, and nutrients cycle
70
How does sharing ideas through peer-reviewed articles help advance science
Scientists reading the articles may come up with new questions to study
71
Which of the following is NOT a way that science influences society?
Science gives science answers to difficult ethical issues
72
How do most primary producers make their own food?
by using light energy to make carbohydrates
73
Suppose that a scientists proposes a hypothesis about how a newly discovered virus affects humans. Other virus researchers would likely
design new experiments to test the proposed hypothesis
74
If you stir salt into boiling water, you produce a
mixture called a solution
75
A scientist discovers an important breakthrough in cancer treatment. The scientist thinks the information could save thousands of lives and immediately announces the results on national television, skipping peer review. How might other scientists react to this news?
They will be skeptical because the report was not peer-reviewed
76
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
transpiration
77
Carbon-12 is the most common isotope of carbon. It has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Of its 6 electrons, 4 are valence electrons. How many covalent bonds can a carbon atom form?
4
78
Organisms need nutrients in order to
Carry out essential life functions
79
Who reviews articles for peer-reviewed journals
Anonymous and independent experts
80
What are found in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom?
electrons
81
When salt is dissolved in water, water is the
solvent
82
The substance that gets dissolved
solute
83
the substance that is dissolved in
solvent
84
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called
ecology
85
Which part of the water cycle is a biological process?
transpiration
86
What animals eat both producers and consumers?
omnivores
87
Which of the following is a substance formed by the chemical joining of two or more elements in definite amounts?
compound
88
A bird, stalks, kills, and then eats an insect. Based on its behavior, which pair of ecological terms describes the bird?
carnivore, consumer
89
The simplest grouping of more that one kind of organism is
community SPCEBB
90
If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 nuetrons, its atomic number is
11
91
**Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
store and transmit genetic information - DNA and RNA (nucleic acids)
92
A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations is
a theory
93
A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction is called
a catalyst
94
The repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere is called
the water cycle
95
A scientific hypothesis
can be tested by experiments or observations
96
The algae at the beginning of the food chain are
primary producers
97
Focusing on which two central theme in biology would help a student understand why animals come in different shapes and sizes?
structure and function; unity and diversity of life
98
Scientists often try to repeat each other's results. Which of the following should a scientist do to make it easier for others to replicate his or her experiment?
Use the metric system when communicating procedures and results
99
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?
ability of move
100
The basic unit of length in the metric system is the
meter
101
Which of the following statements is true about catalysts
Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction
102
Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the
speed of the reaction
103
Atomic mass is
Actual weight of the atom
104
Mass number
protons and neutrons
105
Atomic mass
Protons only

Science Final Study Guide (1 decks)

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