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DNA and RNA > Study For Test > Flashcards

Study For Test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What are the 2 groups of nitrogenous bases?

A

Purines

Pyrimidines

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1
Q

What makes up a nucleotide?

A

A nitrogenous base
A sugar
A phosphate group

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2
Q

What makes up a purine?

A

Double ring

Adenine & Guanine

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3
Q

What makes up a pyrimidine?

A

Single ring

Thymine & Cytosine

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4
Q

DNA replication - unwinds DNA

A

Helicase

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5
Q

DNA replication - connects RNA primer to the strand, a starting point for DNA replication

A

Primate

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6
Q

DNA replication - begins elongation of DNA by adding free nucleotides to the new strand

A

Polymerase lll

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7
Q

DNA replication - checks new strand and removes the RNA primer

A

Polymerase l

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8
Q

DNA replication - adds sugar phosphate backbone to fragments, connecting them

A

Ligase

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9
Q

DNA replication - keeps strands apart during replication

A

Single strand binding proteins (SSB)

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10
Q

What does RNA do?

A

Mainly protein synthesis

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11
Q

How does RNA compare to DNA?

A

Sugar: Ribose vs Deoxyribose
Single stranded
Uracil replaces thymine

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12
Q

What are the 3 types of RNA?

A

Messenger (mRNA)
Ribosomal (rRNA)
Transfer (tRNA)

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13
Q

RNA that carries instructions for building proteins

A

mRNA

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14
Q

RNA that makes up a part of the ribosomes

A

rRNA

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15
Q

RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

A

tRNA

16
Q

What is transcription?

A

DNA is copied to a complimentary RNA strand

17
Q

Transcription - What binds to DNA and separates strands during transcription?

A

RNA polymerase

18
Q

Transcription - region on DNA that tells an enzyme where to begin

A

Promoter

19
Q

Transcription - region on DNA that tells an enzyme where to stop

A

Terminator

20
Q

RNA - 3 consecutive nucleotides that code for a particular amino acid to be added to the chain

A

Codon

DNA and RNA (1 decks)

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