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Muscle anatomy > Study for Lab > Flashcards

Study for Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Frontalis

A

raises eyebrows

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2
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyes

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3
Q

orbicularis oris

A

closes lips, protrudes lips, compresses lips against teeth

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4
Q

masseter

A

elevates mandible to close mouth

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5
Q

temporalis

A

elevates mandible to close mouth

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6
Q

digastric

A

pushes down on mandible to open mouth, elevates hyoid

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7
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

Acting together: flexes neck, elevates sternum and clavicle

Acting alone: laterally flax and rotate head

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8
Q

rectus abdominis

A

comresses abdomen, flexes vertebral column

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9
Q

external oblique

A

Acting together: compresses abdomen and flex vertebral column.
Acting alone: rotate and laterally flex vertebral column

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10
Q

internal oblique

A

Acting together: compresses abdomen and flex vertebral column.
Acting alone: rotate and laterally flex vertebral column

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11
Q

transverse abdominis

A

compresses abdomen

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12
Q

Diaphragm

A

flattens and lowers during inhalation to increase the size of the thoracic cavity

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13
Q

external intercostals

A

during inhalation, elevates the ribs to increase the size of the thoracic cavity

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14
Q

internal intercostals

A

during forced exhalation, depresses the ribs to decrease the size of the thoracic cavity

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15
Q

pectoralis major

A

flexes and adducts arm

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16
Q

pectoralis minor

A

abducts and rotates scapula, elevates rib cage when scapula is held stationary

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17
Q

serratus anterior

A

abducts and rotates scapula, elevates rib cage when scapula is held stationary

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18
Q

trapezius

A

elevates, adducts and depresses scapula and extends neck

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19
Q

scalane muscle group (anterior, middle, and posterior)

A

Acting on both sides: flex neck and elevate first 2 ribs

Acting on one side: rotate neck and laterally flex neck

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20
Q

levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula

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21
Q

splenius capitis

A

Acting together: extend neck

Acting singly: laterally flex and rotate head

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22
Q

rhomboideus major and rhomboideus minor

A

adduct and elevate scapula

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23
Q

latissimus dori

A

extends and adducts arm

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24
Q

deltoid

A

abducts, flexes and extends arm

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25
Q

subscapularis

A

rotates arm medially

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26
Q

supraspinatus

A

rotates arm laterally and adducts arm

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27
Q

teres minor

A

rotates arm laterally

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28
Q

teres major

A

extends and adducts arm

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29
Q

triceps brachii

A

extends forearm

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30
Q

biceps brachii

A

flexes forearm, supinates forearm

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31
Q

brachiallis

A

flexes forearm

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32
Q

brachioradialis

A

flexes forearm

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33
Q

pronator teres

A

pronates forearm

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34
Q

gluteus maximus

A

extends thigh

35
Q

gluteus medium

A

abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially

36
Q

tensor fasciae latae

A

flexes and abducts thigh

37
Q

adductor longus

A

flexes and adducts thigh

38
Q

adductor magnus

A

flexes and adducts thigh

39
Q

gracilis

A

adducts thigh

40
Q

sartorius

A

flexes and laterally rotates thigh, flexes thigh

41
Q

rectus femoris

A

extends leg, flexes thigh

42
Q

vastus lateralis

A

extends leg

43
Q

vastus medialis

A

extends leg

44
Q

vastus intermedius

A

extends leg

45
Q

biceps femoris

A

flexes leg and extends thigh

46
Q

semitendinosus

A

flexes leg and extends thigh

47
Q

semimembranosus

A

flexes leg and extends thigh

48
Q

tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexes foot and inverts foot

49
Q

fibularis longus

A

plantar flexes foot and everts foot

50
Q

gastrocnemius

A

plantar flexes foot and flexes leg

51
Q

soleus

A

plantar flexes foot

52
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Muscles that primarily attach to the bones of the body to allow voluntary movement

53
Q

Origin

A

The immovable pony of the muscle attachment

54
Q

Insertion

A

The movable point of the muscle attachment

55
Q

What specific tissue makes up tendons and aponeurosis?

A

Dense regular connective tissue

56
Q

Tendon

A

Connective tissue with an overall shape of a band that connects muscle to bone

57
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Connective tissue that is shaped like a sheet (can be found in abdominal wall)

58
Q

What type of cells are found in tendons?

A

Fibroblasts

59
Q

Describe dense regular connective tissue

A

Fibers are well organized/ all run In the same direction

Made of mainly collage nous and few elastic fibers

60
Q

Flexion

A

Movement of a joint forward

61
Q

Extension

A

Joint at 180*

62
Q

Hyperextension

A

Moves past normal anatomical position

63
Q

Lateral Flexion

A

Moving (leaning) to one side or the other

64
Q

Dorsiexion

A

Toes pointed up

65
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Toes pointed down

66
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline

67
Q

Adduction

A

Moving in toward the midline

68
Q

Rotation

A

Moving around a central point

69
Q

Circumduction

A

Moving distal end of appendage in a circle

70
Q

Supination

A

Palms up (to hold soup)

71
Q

Pronation

A

Palms down

72
Q

Inversion

A

Soles of feet point towards midline

73
Q

Eversion

A

Soles of feet turned away from midline

74
Q

Protraction

A

Movement straight forward

75
Q

Retraction

A

Movement straight backwards

76
Q

Elevation

A

Up

77
Q

Depression

A

Down

78
Q

Isometric contraction

A

A muscle contracts but does not shorten in length. Tension is increased but no movement occurs

79
Q

Isotonic contraction

A

The muscle changes length and causes movement during the contraction.

80
Q

Prime mover (agonist)

A

The muscle that contributes the greatest amount of force to any particular action

81
Q

Synergist

A

The muscle that helps the prime mover by adding a little extra strength to the same action

82
Q

Antagonist

A

Any muscle that produces the opposite action of the prime mover

83
Q

Fixator

A

A muscle that works to immobilize a joint so that a muscle can accomplish it’s action.

Muscle anatomy (1 decks)

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