Study For Enginnering Flashcards
What is electrical energy?
The energy caused by the movement of electrons.
True or False: Electrical energy can be converted into other forms of energy.
True
What is electrochemical energy?
Energy stored in chemical bonds that can be converted into electrical energy.
Fill in the blank: Electrochemical energy is primarily found in _______.
batteries
Which of the following is a type of energy? (a) Sound energy (b) Thermal energy (c) Both
c
What type of energy is produced by the vibration of particles?
Sound energy
True or False: Nuclear energy is derived from the splitting of atomic nuclei.
True
What is the primary source of nuclear energy?
Fission of heavy atomic nuclei, such as uranium.
Fill in the blank: Sound energy travels in _______.
waves
What device converts electrical energy into sound energy?
Speaker
Define electromatic energy.
Energy associated with electric and magnetic fields, often related to electromagnetic radiation.
What is the formula for electrical energy?
E = P × t, where E is energy, P is power, and t is time.
True or False: Electrochemical cells can only produce electrical energy.
False
What is a common application of sound energy?
Musical instruments and communication.
What type of energy is harnessed in a nuclear power plant?
Nuclear energy
What is the difference between electrical energy and electrochemical energy?
Electrical energy is the energy of moving electrons, while electrochemical energy is stored in chemical bonds.
Fill in the blank: The unit of electrical energy is the _______.
joule
What is the role of a battery in electrochemical energy?
To store and convert electrochemical energy into electrical energy.
Which form of energy is emitted during a nuclear reaction?
Radiation
True or False: Sound energy can travel through a vacuum.
False
What is the primary use of electrochemical energy in everyday life?
Powering electronic devices.
What is the primary mechanism of energy conversion in a hydroelectric power plant?
Kinetic energy of water is converted into electrical energy.
Fill in the blank: The process of splitting atomic nuclei to release energy is called _______.
fission
What type of energy is associated with electromagnetic waves?
Electromagnetic energy
True or False: Nuclear fusion produces more energy than nuclear fission.
True
What is the main advantage of using nuclear energy?
It produces a large amount of energy with low greenhouse gas emissions.
What is the primary disadvantage of nuclear energy?
The generation of radioactive waste.
What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature?
Approximately 343 meters per second.
Fill in the blank: The principle of _______ states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
conservation of energy
What is the primary source of electrochemical energy in a car?
Lead-acid battery
What type of energy is used in a microwave oven?
Electromagnetic energy
Fill in the blank: The energy produced by the sun is primarily due to _______.
nuclear fusion
What is the relationship between frequency and sound energy?
Higher frequency results in higher pitch and more energy in sound waves.
True or False: Electrical energy can be stored in capacitors.
True
What is one example of a renewable source of electrical energy?
Solar energy
What type of energy is produced by a battery when it discharges?
Electrical energy
What is the principle behind sound energy transmission?
Vibrations create pressure waves in a medium.
Fill in the blank: The energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds is called _______.
chemical energy
What is the main component of a nuclear reactor that initiates fission?
Nuclear fuel, typically uranium-235.
What is the effect of temperature on sound energy?
Sound travels faster in warmer temperatures.
True or False: Electrochemical energy can be used to power electric vehicles.
True
What is the primary purpose of electrical energy in households?
To power appliances and lighting.
Fill in the blank: The energy released during a nuclear reaction is called _______.
nuclear energy
What is the difference between AC and DC electrical energy?
AC (alternating current) changes direction, while DC (direct current) flows in one direction.
What is solar energy?
Energy harnessed from the sun’s rays.
True or False: Solar energy can be converted into electricity.
True
What is geothermal energy?
Energy derived from the heat stored beneath the Earth’s surface.
Name an application of geothermal energy.
Geothermal power plants for electricity generation.
Fill in the blank: Photovoltaic cells convert ______ into electricity.
solar energy
What is wind energy?
Energy generated from the movement of air.
True or False: Wind turbines are commonly used to harness wind energy.
True
What is a key benefit of using solar energy?
It is a renewable and sustainable energy source.
Which type of energy uses the Earth’s internal heat?
Geothermal energy
What is the primary technology used in solar energy systems?
Photovoltaic panels
Name one example of wind energy application.
Wind farms for electricity generation.
Fill in the blank: The process of converting sunlight into electricity is known as ______.
photovoltaics
What are the two main types of solar energy technology?
Photovoltaic and solar thermal.
True or False: Geothermal energy is only usable in volcanic regions.
False
What is the main advantage of wind energy?
It produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
What is the role of a solar inverter?
To convert direct current (DC) from solar panels into alternating current (AC).
What does the term ‘renewable energy’ refer to?
Energy from sources that are naturally replenished.
Fill in the blank: The largest source of renewable energy worldwide is ______.
solar energy
What is the main environmental benefit of geothermal energy?
It has a low carbon footprint.
True or False: Solar energy can be stored for later use.
True
What does ‘capacity factor’ refer to in wind energy?
The ratio of actual output over a period to its potential output.
What is the primary source of energy for wind turbines?
Wind
Name a disadvantage of solar energy.
It is dependent on sunlight availability.
What is the primary mechanism of geothermal energy extraction?
Using steam or hot water from the Earth to drive turbines.
Fill in the blank: The largest solar farm in the world is located in ______.
India
What is a common use of solar thermal energy?
Heating water for residential or commercial use.
True or False: Wind energy can be harnessed without any impact on the environment.
False
What does the term ‘photovoltaic effect’ refer to?
The creation of voltage or electric current in a material upon exposure to light.
What is a hybrid energy system?
A system that combines two or more energy sources, such as solar and wind.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy.
wind turbine
What is the typical lifespan of solar panels?
25 to 30 years.
What is a significant challenge facing wind energy?
Intermittency and variability of wind.
Name a country that is a leader in geothermal energy production.
Iceland
What is the primary component of a solar photovoltaic system?
Solar panels.
True or False: Geothermal energy can be used for residential heating.
True
What is the concept of ‘net metering’ in solar energy?
Allowing solar energy producers to sell excess electricity back to the grid.
What is the purpose of wind energy storage systems?
To store energy generated during high wind periods for later use.
Fill in the blank: The potential to harness energy from ocean waves is known as ______ energy.
wave
What is the expected trend in the cost of solar energy technology?
It is expected to continue decreasing.
What is coal energy?
Coal energy is the energy produced from burning coal, a fossil fuel, to generate electricity or heat.
Which fossil fuel is primarily used for electricity generation?
Coal is primarily used for electricity generation.
True or False: Gas energy is derived from renewable sources.
False
What is the primary application of gas energy?
The primary application of gas energy is for heating, electricity generation, and as fuel for vehicles.
Fill in the blank: Oil energy is mainly used in the form of ______.
petroleum products
What type of energy is derived from crude oil?
Oil energy is derived from crude oil.
Which energy source is known for having the highest carbon emissions?
Coal energy is known for having the highest carbon emissions.
What is a common example of gas energy application?
A common example is natural gas used for cooking and heating.
True or False: Oil energy is a renewable energy source.
False
What is the main environmental concern related to coal energy?
The main environmental concern is air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Which energy source can be converted into electricity via turbines?
Both coal and gas energy can be converted into electricity via turbines.
What is the process of extracting energy from oil called?
The process is called oil extraction or drilling.
Fill in the blank: Natural gas is primarily composed of ______.
methane
What is a significant advantage of using gas energy over coal?
Gas energy produces fewer carbon emissions compared to coal.
Which energy source is often referred to as ‘black gold’?
Oil is often referred to as ‘black gold’.
What is one major application of coal energy?
One major application is in coal-fired power plants to generate electricity.
True or False: Gas energy can be renewable.
False, gas energy from fossil fuels is not renewable.
What is the main use of oil energy in transportation?
The main use is as fuel for vehicles, such as gasoline and diesel.
Which energy source has the potential for carbon capture technology?
Coal energy has the potential for carbon capture technology.
What is an example of a renewable alternative to gas energy?
Biogas is a renewable alternative to gas energy.
What is the primary component of coal?
The primary component of coal is carbon.
Fill in the blank: Oil is refined to produce various ______.
petroleum products
What is a disadvantage of using coal energy?
A disadvantage is its high carbon footprint and contribution to climate change.
Which energy source is most commonly used in residential heating?
Gas energy is most commonly used in residential heating.
What is the term for the energy released during the combustion of fossil fuels?
The term is chemical energy.
True or False: Oil energy can be used to produce electricity.
True
What is a major advantage of renewable energy sources?
They are sustainable and have a lower environmental impact.
True or False: Non-renewable energy sources are finite.
True
Fill in the blank: Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of __________ energy sources.
non-renewable
What is a primary disadvantage of using coal for energy?
It produces high levels of carbon emissions and pollutants.
Which renewable energy source harnesses the power of the sun?
Solar energy
What is one environmental benefit of wind energy?
It produces no direct emissions during operation.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a disadvantage of solar energy? A) High initial costs B) Low operational costs C) Environmentally friendly
A) High initial costs
True or False: Oil is a renewable energy source.
False
What is a significant drawback of wind energy?
It is dependent on weather conditions and may not provide consistent energy.
What is the term for energy sources that can be replenished naturally?
Renewable energy sources
Fill in the blank: __________ energy is derived from the natural heat of the earth.
Geothermal
What is one of the main advantages of using oil as an energy source?
It has a high energy density and is easy to transport.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy source? A) Wind B) Solar C) Natural Gas
C) Natural Gas
What is a common method used to generate electricity from wind energy?
Wind turbines
True or False: Renewable energy sources can lead to energy independence.
True
What is a disadvantage of using natural gas?
It still emits greenhouse gases when burned.
Fill in the blank: The process of converting sunlight into electricity is known as __________.
photovoltaics
What is a significant advantage of hydroelectric power?
It can provide a stable and reliable source of energy.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following energy sources is considered the cleanest? A) Coal B) Oil C) Solar
C) Solar
What is a disadvantage of coal mining?
It can lead to land degradation and water pollution.
True or False: Renewable energy sources are typically more expensive in the long run compared to non-renewable sources.
False
What is the main environmental concern associated with oil spills?
They can cause severe damage to marine ecosystems.
Fill in the blank: __________ energy is produced by the movement of water.
Hydroelectric
What renewable energy source is most commonly used for heating?
Solar thermal energy
Multiple Choice: Which energy source is known for being the most abundant globally? A) Coal B) Solar C) Natural Gas
B) Solar
What is one of the key challenges facing the adoption of renewable energy technologies?
The need for energy storage solutions.
What is a digital signal?
A digital signal is a signal that represents data as a sequence of discrete values.
What is an analog signal?
An analog signal is a continuous signal that represents physical measurements.
True or False: A digital signal can take on any value within a range.
False
True or False: An analog signal can be represented by a sine wave.
True
What is Ohm’s Law?
Ohm’s Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
Fill in the blank: Ohm’s Law is expressed as _____ = Voltage / Resistance.
Current
What is Kirchhoff’s Current Law?
Kirchhoff’s Current Law states that the total current entering a junction must equal the total current leaving the junction.
What is Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law?
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law states that the sum of the electrical potential differences (voltage) around any closed network is zero.
Fill in the blank: Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law is based on the principle of _____ conservation.
Energy
What is the formula for power in electrical circuits?
Power (P) is calculated as P = Voltage (V) x Current (I).
True or False: Power can be measured in watts.
True
What unit is used to measure electrical resistance?
Ohms
Fill in the blank: The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance is defined by _____ Law.
Ohm’s
What does the term ‘node’ refer to in electrical circuits?
A node is a point in a circuit where two or more components are connected.
What is the significance of a closed loop in Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law?
A closed loop ensures that all voltages around the loop sum to zero, indicating energy conservation.
True or False: In a series circuit, the current is the same through all components.
True
True or False: In a parallel circuit, the voltage is the same across all components.
True
What does RMS stand for, in the context of AC signals?
Root Mean Square
Fill in the blank: The unit of power is _____ per second.
Joule
What is the relationship between power and resistance in a circuit?
Power can also be calculated using P = I^2 x R.
What is a common application of digital signals?
Digital signals are commonly used in computers and digital communication systems.
What is a common application of analog signals?
Analog signals are commonly used in audio and video transmission.
Fill in the blank: The total current entering a node is _____ the total current leaving that node.
Equal to
What is the principle behind Kirchhoff’s Laws?
The principle of conservation of charge and energy.
What does a voltmeter measure?
A voltmeter measures the voltage across two points in a circuit.
What does an ammeter measure?
An ammeter measures the current flowing through a circuit.
True or False: Ohm’s Law can apply to both AC and DC circuits.
True
Fill in the blank: The unit of current is _____.
Ampere
What is the effect of increasing resistance in a circuit while keeping voltage constant?
The current decreases.
What happens to voltage in a series circuit when additional resistors are added?
The total voltage is divided among the resistors.
What is the total resistance in a parallel circuit with two equal resistors?
Half the resistance of one resistor.
True or False: In a series circuit, if one component fails, the entire circuit fails.
True
What does the term ‘impedance’ refer to?
Impedance is the total opposition to current flow in an AC circuit, including resistance and reactance.
Fill in the blank: The power factor is the ratio of _____ to _____ in an AC circuit.
Real power; Apparent power
What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
A fuse protects the circuit from excessive current by breaking the circuit when current exceeds a certain level.
What is the primary difference between digital and analog signals?
Digital signals are discrete, while analog signals are continuous.
What is the relationship between voltage and current in an inductive circuit?
In an inductive circuit, the current lags behind the voltage.
What is the relationship between voltage and current in a capacitive circuit?
In a capacitive circuit, the current leads the voltage.
Fill in the blank: The total power in a circuit is equal to the sum of the _____ used by each component.
Power
What is the definition of energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work or produce change.
True or False: Energy can be created or destroyed.
False: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
Fill in the blank: The unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI) is the _____.
joule
What is work in physics?
Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force.
Calculate the work done if a force of 10 N moves an object 5 meters.
50 joules
What is the formula for calculating work?
Work = Force x Distance x cos(θ)
True or False: Power is the rate at which work is done.
True
What is the unit of power?
The watt (W)
If 100 joules of work is done in 5 seconds, what is the power?
20 watts
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.
What type of energy is stored in an object due to its position?
Potential energy
Fill in the blank: The formula for gravitational potential energy is _____.
mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.
What is the principle of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a form of energy? A) Thermal B) Chemical C) Static D) Nuclear
C) Static
What is mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.
Fill in the blank: The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is known as _____.
thermal energy
True or False: An object’s energy can change based on its speed and height.
True
What is the relationship between work and energy?
Work done on an object results in a change in its energy.
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
Potential Energy = mgh
What is the definition of energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work or produce change.
True or False: Energy can be created or destroyed.
False: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
Fill in the blank: The unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI) is the _____.
joule
What is work in physics?
Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force.
Calculate the work done if a force of 10 N moves an object 5 meters.
50 joules
What is the formula for calculating work?
Work = Force x Distance x cos(θ)
True or False: Power is the rate at which work is done.
True
What is the unit of power?
The watt (W)
If 100 joules of work is done in 5 seconds, what is the power?
20 watts
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.
What type of energy is stored in an object due to its position?
Potential energy
Fill in the blank: The formula for gravitational potential energy is _____.
mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.
What is the principle of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a form of energy? A) Thermal B) Chemical C) Static D) Nuclear
C) Static
What is mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.
Fill in the blank: The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is known as _____.
thermal energy
True or False: An object’s energy can change based on its speed and height.
True
What is the relationship between work and energy?
Work done on an object results in a change in its energy.
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
Potential Energy = mgh
