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A&P(2) > Study deck > Flashcards

Study deck Flashcards

1
Q

What does epithelial tissue do?

A

Lining, cover, protect

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2
Q

Where is Simple Cuboidal Epithelium located?

A

The tubular lining of kidneys, glandular ducts

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3
Q

Where is Simple Columnar Epithelium located?

A

Digestive tract and upper respiratory tract lining

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4
Q

Where is Stratified Squamous Epithelium located?

A

The lining of the mouth and vagina

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5
Q

Where is Stratified Cuboidal epithelium located?

A

Mammary glands, sweat gland and salivary glands

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6
Q

Where is Stratified Columnar epithelium located?

A

Male urethra and lobar ducts of salivary glands

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7
Q

Where is Pseudostratified epithelium located?

A

Respiratory passage and ducts of many glands

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8
Q

Where is Transitional epithelium located?

A

Urinary bladder, urethra, ureter

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9
Q

Where is Simple squamous located?

A

Blood vessel lining, air sac lining of lungs

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10
Q

What is the function of simple squamous?

A

Transport by diffusion and where minimal protection is required

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11
Q

What is the function of simple cuboidal?

A

Absorption and secretion

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12
Q

What is the function of simple columnar?

A

Protection, absorption, mucus secretion and movement in a specific direction

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13
Q

What is the function stratified squamous?

A

Protection

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14
Q

What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

Protection of ducts of various glands

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15
Q

What is the function of stratified columnar epithelium?

A

Protection and secretion

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16
Q

What is the function of pseudostratified epithelium?

A

Protection, secretion and movement of mucous

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17
Q

What is the function of transitional epithelium?

A

Stretch readily to accommodate the different volume of liquids
Act as a barrier and have tight junctions to prevent reabsorption of toxic substances

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18
Q

What is a duct?

A

A tube or passageway

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19
Q

What are the types of loose connective tissue?

A

Areolar tissue, adipose tissue, and reticular tissue

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20
Q

What are the types of dense connective tissue?

A

Regular tissue, irregular tissue, elastic tissue

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21
Q

What is the function of areolar tissue?

A

Provides support to epithelium

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22
Q

What is the function of adipose tissue?

A

Provides energy (fat)

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23
Q

What is the function of reticular tissue?

A

Supports tissue and immune cells

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24
Q

What is the function of regular tissue? (dense connective tissue)

A

Resist pulling stress, attach muscle to bone, attach bones to bones

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25
Q

What is the function of irregular tissue? (dense connective tissue)

A

Resist force (uniform strength in all directions)

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26
Q

What is the function of elastic tissue? (dense connective tissue)

A

Allow stretch and recoil

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27
Q

What are the types of connective tissue? (broad categories)

A

CTP, blood, bone, cartilage

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28
Q

What are the types of CTP?

A

Loose and dense

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29
Q

What are the types of cartilage tissue?

A

Hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic

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30
Q

What is the function of hyaline cartilage?

A

Cushion, support, and reinforce other types of tissue (flexible, but firm)

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31
Q

What is the function of elastic (cartilage) tissue?

A

Maintain shape (allows stretch)

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32
Q

What is the function of fibrocartilage?

A

Resist compression (toughest type of cartilage)

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33
Q

What is the function of blood?

A

Transport oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients

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34
Q

What is the function of bone?

A

Maintains the shape of the body

35
Q

Where is areolar tissue found?

A

Found under skin

36
Q

Where is adipose tissue found?

A

Found under the skin

37
Q

Where is reticular tissue found?

A

Found in internal framework of organs

38
Q

Where is regular tissue found?

A

Found in ligaments (bone to bone) and tendons (bone to muscle)

39
Q

Where is irregular tissue found?

A

Found in the dermis

40
Q

Where is dense elastic CTP found?

A

Found in large arteries

41
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

A

Found in nose, trachea, and ribs

42
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found?

A

Found in outer ear and epiglottis

43
Q

Where is fibrocartilage found?

A

Found in intervertebral discs

44
Q

Where is blood found?

A

Found in arteries, veins, and capillaries

45
Q

Where is bone found?

A

Found in skeleton

46
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A

Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal

47
Q

What is the function of nervous tissue?

A

Communication throughout body

48
Q

What are the main functions of the integumentary system?

A

Protection, vitamin D production, excretion, sensation, and body temperature, (immunity)

49
Q

What are the layers of the integumentary system? (superficial to deep)

A

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis

50
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis? (deep to superficial)

A

Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum

51
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Melanin cell

52
Q

What layer of epidermis are melanocytes found?

A

basale layer (stratum basale)

53
Q

What are langerhan cells?

A

The first line of defense against bacteria and viruses (Immune protection)

54
Q

What are keratinocytes?

A

A common type of skin cell that is found in the epidermis.

55
Q

What is the function of keratinocytes?

A
  • Provide structure for the skin, hair, and nails
  • Waterproof the skin
56
Q

What does keratinized mean?

A

Dry

57
Q

What does non-keratinized mean?

A

Wet

58
Q

What does vitamin D promote?

A

Calcium absorption

59
Q

What happens when UV light hits epidermis?

A

The cells of epidermis convert 7-D3 to cholecalciferol

60
Q

What happens after 7-D3 is converted into cholecalciferol?

A

Cholecalciferol is converted into calcitriol

61
Q

What does calcitriol do?

A

Increase absorption of calcium and bone mineralization

62
Q

What is calcium heavily involved in?

A

Muscle contraction

63
Q

What are the two layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary and reticular layers

64
Q

What is the order of the dermis layers (superficial to deep)?

A

Papillary
Reticular

65
Q

What is the function of the papillary layer?

A

Support epidermis and regulate body temperature

66
Q

What is the function of the reticular layer?

A
  • Regulate blood flow to skin
  • Sense touch
  • Support the epidermis
  • (Toughest layer of skin skin)
67
Q

What is the function of the hypodermis?

A
  • Energy reserve (fat layer)
  • Connects skin to underlying tissue
68
Q

What are the layers of the hair? (Deep to superficial)

A

Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle

69
Q

What are the layers of hair growth?

A

Anagen
Catagen
Telogen

70
Q

What does color of hair depend on?

A

The color of hair depends on the amount and type of melanin

71
Q

What are the two types of hair?

A

Vellus and terminal

72
Q

What type of hair is vellus?

A

Fine hairs (located all over body)

73
Q

What type of hair is terminal?

A

Coarse hairs (facial hair, pubic hair, hair on head)

74
Q

What muscle makes hair stand up?

A

Arrector pili muscle (this is an involuntary contraction)

75
Q

What is the anatomical name for the nail?

A

Unguis

76
Q

What are the parts of the nail (unguis)?

A

Nail plate
Nail matrix
Nail bed
Cuticle

77
Q

What are the two categories of glands?

A

Endocrine and exocrine

78
Q

What are the two categories of exocrine glands?

A

Sebaceous and sudoriferous

79
Q

What are apocrine glands?

A

Glands found in the armpits that smell bad

80
Q

What are merocrine glands?

A

Glands that function to secrete, protect, and thermoregulate

81
Q

What is the function of glial cells?

A

Support neurons

82
Q

What strata is only in thick skin?

A

Stratum lucidum

83
Q

What are the two types of melanin?

A

Eumelanin and pheomelanin

84
Q

What do Merkel cells do?

A

Sense and respond to fine touch and pressure

A&P(2) (1 decks)

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